A 140 g ball in horizontal flight with a speed of 39 m/s is struck by ...
Given:
- Mass of the ball, m = 140 g = 0.14 kg
- Initial speed of the ball, v1 = 39 m/s
- Final speed of the ball after the impact, v2 = -39 m/s (opposite direction)
- Impact time, Δt = 1.20 ms = 0.00120 s
To find:
- Average force acting on the ball during the collision
Formula:
The average force acting on an object is given by the equation:
F = Δp / Δt
where:
- F is the average force
- Δp is the change in momentum
- Δt is the change in time
Analysis:
1. The initial momentum of the ball, p1, is given by:
p1 = m * v1
2. The final momentum of the ball, p2, is given by:
p2 = m * v2
3. The change in momentum, Δp, is given by:
Δp = p2 - p1
4. The average force, F, can be calculated using the formula mentioned above.
Solution:
Step 1: Calculate the initial momentum of the ball.
p1 = m * v1
p1 = 0.14 kg * 39 m/s
p1 = 5.46 kg·m/s
Step 2: Calculate the final momentum of the ball.
p2 = m * v2
p2 = 0.14 kg * (-39 m/s)
p2 = -5.46 kg·m/s
Step 3: Calculate the change in momentum.
Δp = p2 - p1
Δp = (-5.46 kg·m/s) - (5.46 kg·m/s)
Δp = -10.92 kg·m/s
Step 4: Calculate the average force.
F = Δp / Δt
F = (-10.92 kg·m/s) / (0.00120 s)
F = -9100 N
Answer:
The average force acting on the ball during the collision is -9100 N. The negative sign indicates that the force is in the opposite direction to the motion of the ball.
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