Maximum Density

Water has the maximum density among the given options.

Explanation

Density is defined as the mass per unit volume of a substance. It is a physical property that helps in identifying substances. The density of a substance can be affected by various factors such as temperature, pressure, and composition. In general, the density of a substance increases as its mass increases and its volume decreases.

Chloroform

- Chloroform is a colorless, heavy, and sweet-smelling liquid.
- Its density is 1.483 g/cm³ at room temperature (25°C).
- The density of chloroform is less than that of water.
- Therefore, chloroform has a lower density than water.

Water

- Water is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless liquid.
- Its density is 1 g/cm³ at room temperature (25°C).
- The density of water is higher than that of chloroform, benzene, and ice.
- Therefore, water has a higher density than the given options.

Benzene

- Benzene is a colorless, flammable, and toxic liquid.
- Its density is 0.879 g/cm³ at room temperature (25°C).
- The density of benzene is less than that of water.
- Therefore, benzene has a lower density than water.

Ice

- Ice is the solid form of water.
- Its density is 0.917 g/cm³ at 0°C.
- The density of ice is lower than that of liquid water.
- Therefore, ice floats on water.

Conclusion

Water has the maximum density among the given options. This property of water is important for various natural processes such as ocean currents, precipitation, and ice formation. It also plays a crucial role in the survival of aquatic plants and animals.