Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?a)Solid solution...
Solid solution strengthening is a process in which the mechanical properties of a material are improved by the addition of alloying elements. These elements are dissolved into the base material, forming a solid solution. This solid solution strengthens the material by increasing the density of dislocations within the crystal structure.
Dispersion hardening is a process in which particles are dispersed within a material to inhibit the movement of dislocations. These particles create strained regions in the crystal structure, which resist the movement of dislocations and increase the strength and hardness of the material.
Strain-hardening, also known as work hardening or cold working, is a process in which a material is strengthened by plastic deformation. When a material is subjected to plastic deformation, dislocations are introduced and move within the crystal structure. These dislocations create strain fields, which in turn create particles that resist the movement of dislocations. This results in an increase in the strength and hardness of the material.
Precipitation-hardening, also known as age-hardening or precipitation strengthening, is a process in which particles are created by decreasing the solubility of one phase in another. This is achieved by heat treatment, which allows the formation of fine particles within the material. These particles impede the movement of dislocations and increase the strength and hardness of the material.
Based on the descriptions above, it is clear that option 'D' is the correct match. Precipitation-hardening involves creating particles by decreasing the solubility of one phase in another, which aligns with the definition given in the question.
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