Mechanical Engineering Exam > Mechanical Engineering Questions > Boundary layer is defined asa)A thin layer at...
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Boundary layer is defined as
- a)A thin layer at the surface where gradients of both velocity and temperatureare small
- b)A thick layer at the surface where velocity and temperature gradients are large
- c)A thin layer at the surface where velocity and velocity gradients are large
- d)A thin layer at the surface where gradients of both velocity and temperatureare large
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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Verified Answer
Boundary layer is defined asa)A thin layer at the surface where gradie...
Explanation:
A boundary layer is a thin layer of viscous fluid close to the solid surface of a wall in contact with a moving stream.
In scientific terms, A boundary layer is a thin region in the fluid adjacent to a surface where velocity and temperature gradients normal to the surface are significant.
The difference in velocity between adjacent layers of the fluid is known as a velocity gradient.
The difference in temperature between adjacent layers of the fluid is known as a temperature gradient.
The boundary layer thickness (δ) is the distance across a boundary layer from the wall to a point where the flow velocity has essentially reached the free stream velocity.
Thus velocity gradient will be large and at the surface, due to less velocity difference, it will be a thin shear layer.
Most Upvoted Answer
Boundary layer is defined asa)A thin layer at the surface where gradie...
Definition of Boundary Layer
The boundary layer is a thin layer of fluid that forms near the surface of an object when it is in contact with a moving fluid. It is characterized by a rapid change in velocity and temperature, as well as other fluid properties, within a small distance from the surface.
The Significance of Velocity and Temperature Gradients
Velocity and temperature gradients are important because they represent the rate of change of these properties with respect to distance. In the context of the boundary layer, these gradients provide information about the behavior and characteristics of the fluid near the surface.
Explanation of Option B
Option B states that the boundary layer is a thick layer at the surface where velocity and temperature gradients are large. This option is correct because it accurately describes the characteristics of the boundary layer.
Large Velocity Gradients
Within the boundary layer, the velocity of the fluid changes significantly over a small distance from the surface. This is due to the presence of viscous forces that slow down the fluid near the surface. As a result, the velocity gradients in the boundary layer are large, indicating a rapid change in velocity.
Large Temperature Gradients
Similarly, the temperature of the fluid within the boundary layer also changes rapidly near the surface. This is caused by the transfer of heat between the surface and the fluid. The temperature gradients in the boundary layer are large, indicating a rapid change in temperature.
Thick Layer at the Surface
The boundary layer is typically thicker near the surface and becomes thinner as it moves away from the surface. This is because the viscous forces that cause the formation of the boundary layer are strongest near the surface and become weaker further away. Therefore, the boundary layer is a thick layer at the surface, where both velocity and temperature gradients are large.
Conclusion
In summary, the boundary layer is defined as a thick layer at the surface where velocity and temperature gradients are large. This option accurately describes the characteristics of the boundary layer, highlighting the rapid changes in velocity and temperature that occur within a small distance from the surface.
The boundary layer is a thin layer of fluid that forms near the surface of an object when it is in contact with a moving fluid. It is characterized by a rapid change in velocity and temperature, as well as other fluid properties, within a small distance from the surface.
The Significance of Velocity and Temperature Gradients
Velocity and temperature gradients are important because they represent the rate of change of these properties with respect to distance. In the context of the boundary layer, these gradients provide information about the behavior and characteristics of the fluid near the surface.
Explanation of Option B
Option B states that the boundary layer is a thick layer at the surface where velocity and temperature gradients are large. This option is correct because it accurately describes the characteristics of the boundary layer.
Large Velocity Gradients
Within the boundary layer, the velocity of the fluid changes significantly over a small distance from the surface. This is due to the presence of viscous forces that slow down the fluid near the surface. As a result, the velocity gradients in the boundary layer are large, indicating a rapid change in velocity.
Large Temperature Gradients
Similarly, the temperature of the fluid within the boundary layer also changes rapidly near the surface. This is caused by the transfer of heat between the surface and the fluid. The temperature gradients in the boundary layer are large, indicating a rapid change in temperature.
Thick Layer at the Surface
The boundary layer is typically thicker near the surface and becomes thinner as it moves away from the surface. This is because the viscous forces that cause the formation of the boundary layer are strongest near the surface and become weaker further away. Therefore, the boundary layer is a thick layer at the surface, where both velocity and temperature gradients are large.
Conclusion
In summary, the boundary layer is defined as a thick layer at the surface where velocity and temperature gradients are large. This option accurately describes the characteristics of the boundary layer, highlighting the rapid changes in velocity and temperature that occur within a small distance from the surface.
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Boundary layer is defined asa)A thin layer at the surface where gradients of both velocity and temperatureare smallb)A thick layer at the surface where velocity and temperature gradients are largec)A thin layer at the surface where velocity and velocity gradients are larged)A thin layer at the surface where gradients of both velocity and temperatureare largeCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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