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Which one of the following statements is appropriate for the free surface, the hydraulic gradient line and energy gradient line in anopen channel flow? 
  • a)
    Parallel to each other but they are different lines
  • b)
    All coinciding
  • c)
    Such that only the first two coincide
  • d)
    Such that they are all inclined to each Other
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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Free Surface, Hydraulic Gradient Line, and Energy Gradient Line in Open Channel Flow

Free Surface:
- The free surface is the surface of the liquid in an open channel flow that is exposed to the atmosphere.
- It is the surface that marks the boundary between the liquid and the air.
- The position of the free surface changes with time as the flow moves through the channel.

Hydraulic Gradient Line (HGL):
- The hydraulic gradient line is a line that represents the sum of the pressure head and the velocity head of the fluid in an open channel flow.
- It is the line that connects the points of equal pressure head.

Energy Gradient Line (EGL):
- The energy gradient line is a line that represents the sum of the pressure head, velocity head, and the elevation head of the fluid in an open channel flow.
- It is the line that connects the points of equal total energy.

Relationship between Free Surface, HGL, and EGL:
- The free surface, HGL, and EGL are three different lines in an open channel flow.
- The free surface is the actual surface of the liquid, while the HGL and EGL are theoretical lines that represent the hydraulic and energy conditions of the flow.
- The HGL and EGL are parallel to each other but they are different lines because they represent different conditions of the flow.
- The HGL is always below the free surface because it represents the pressure head and the velocity head of the fluid.
- The EGL is always below the HGL because it represents the pressure head, velocity head, and the elevation head of the fluid.

Therefore, option A is the correct answer.
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Which one of the following statements is appropriate for the free surface, the hydraulic gradient line and energy gradient line in anopen channel flow?a)Parallel to each other but they are different linesb)All coincidingc)Such that only the first two coincided)Such that they are all inclined to each OtherCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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Which one of the following statements is appropriate for the free surface, the hydraulic gradient line and energy gradient line in anopen channel flow?a)Parallel to each other but they are different linesb)All coincidingc)Such that only the first two coincided)Such that they are all inclined to each OtherCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? for Mechanical Engineering 2024 is part of Mechanical Engineering preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the Mechanical Engineering exam syllabus. Information about Which one of the following statements is appropriate for the free surface, the hydraulic gradient line and energy gradient line in anopen channel flow?a)Parallel to each other but they are different linesb)All coincidingc)Such that only the first two coincided)Such that they are all inclined to each OtherCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for Mechanical Engineering 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Which one of the following statements is appropriate for the free surface, the hydraulic gradient line and energy gradient line in anopen channel flow?a)Parallel to each other but they are different linesb)All coincidingc)Such that only the first two coincided)Such that they are all inclined to each OtherCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?.
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