The first commission appointed by the Government in 1948 to examine the case for the reorganisation of states on a linguistic basis was headed by Justice S K Dhar.

Background:
- After India gained independence from British rule in 1947, there was a need to reorganize the states in order to ensure efficient governance and to address the demands of various linguistic and cultural groups.
- The demand for linguistic states gained momentum as people believed that it would help in preserving and promoting their language, culture, and identity.

The Appointment of the Commission:
- In 1948, the Government appointed a commission to examine and recommend the reorganization of states on a linguistic basis.
- The commission was headed by Justice S K Dhar, who was a retired judge of the Allahabad High Court.
- The other members of the commission included Jawaharlal Nehru, Vallabhbhai Patel, and Pattabhi Sitaramayya.

The Role of the Commission:
- The commission's primary task was to study the linguistic and cultural aspects of different regions in India and make recommendations for the reorganization of states based on linguistic lines.
- The commission conducted detailed research, collected data, and held discussions with various stakeholders to understand their perspectives.
- They examined the linguistic diversity of India and the aspirations of different linguistic groups.
- The commission also considered the administrative feasibility and economic viability of creating linguistic states.

The Recommendations:
- After extensive research and analysis, the commission submitted its report in 1948.
- The report recommended the reorganization of states on a linguistic basis, taking into account the linguistic and cultural identities of different regions.
- However, the commission did not recommend the creation of separate states for each language.
- Instead, they proposed the formation of larger states that had a significant population speaking a particular language.
- The recommendations of the commission laid the foundation for the subsequent reorganization of states in India on linguistic lines.

Conclusion:
- The first commission appointed by the Government in 1948 to examine the case for the reorganization of states on a linguistic basis was headed by Justice S K Dhar.
- The commission played a crucial role in understanding the linguistic and cultural diversity of India and making recommendations for the reorganization of states.
- The recommendations of the commission paved the way for the creation of linguistic states in India, which aimed at preserving and promoting the linguistic and cultural identities of different regions.