The Central Administration during the Sultanate Period:

During the Sultanate Period in India, which lasted from the 13th to the 16th century, the central administration was characterized by various administrative institutions and departments. These departments were responsible for the smooth functioning of the government and the implementation of policies.

Diwan-i-Khairat: Firoz Tughlaq
- The Diwan-i-Khairat was an important department in the central administration during the Sultanate Period.
- It was established by Firoz Tughlaq, who ruled from 1351 to 1388.
- The Diwan-i-Khairat was responsible for the collection and distribution of charity and alms.
- This department ensured that the wealth of the state was used for the welfare of the poor and needy.
- Firoz Tughlaq was known for his philanthropic activities, and the establishment of the Diwan-i-Khairat was a testament to his commitment to social welfare.

Diwan-i-Ishtiaq: Firoz Tughlaq
- The Diwan-i-Ishtiaq was another administrative department established by Firoz Tughlaq.
- This department was responsible for the collection and maintenance of revenue records.
- It played a crucial role in ensuring the accuracy of revenue assessments and the collection of taxes.
- The Diwan-i-Ishtiaq was instrumental in increasing the revenue of the state and streamlining the taxation system.

Diwan-i-Mustakharaj: Alauddin Khilji
- The Diwan-i-Mustakharaj was established by Alauddin Khilji, who ruled from 1296 to 1316.
- This department was responsible for the assessment and collection of various taxes and revenues.
- Alauddin Khilji was known for his administrative reforms and his focus on increasing state revenue.
- The Diwan-i-Mustakharaj played a crucial role in implementing his revenue policies and ensuring efficient tax collection.

Conclusion
In conclusion, during the Sultanate Period, the central administration was characterized by various administrative departments and institutions. The Diwan-i-Khairat and Diwan-i-Ishtiaq were established by Firoz Tughlaq and played important roles in the collection and distribution of charity and alms, as well as the maintenance of revenue records. The Diwan-i-Mustakharaj, established by Alauddin Khilji, was responsible for the assessment and collection of taxes and revenues. These departments contributed to the efficient functioning of the government and the implementation of policies.