Important Export Goods of India Before Independence:

India has a rich history of trade and commerce, with its exports playing a crucial role in the country's economy even before gaining independence from British rule. Several goods were exported from India during this period, and here are some of the important ones:

Agricultural Products:
- India was known as the "Granary of the East" due to its abundance of agricultural products.
- Cotton: India was one of the leading exporters of cotton, accounting for a significant share of the global market.
- Jute: Jute, commonly used for making ropes and sacks, was a major export from Bengal, particularly to European countries.
- Tea: India's tea plantations, mainly in Assam and Darjeeling, supplied high-quality tea to Europe and other parts of the world.
- Spices: India was renowned for its vast variety of spices, including pepper, cardamom, cinnamon, cloves, and nutmeg, which were exported to different regions.

Textiles:
- Handloom textiles: India's handloom industry produced exquisite textiles such as silk, muslin, and fine cotton fabrics, which were in high demand worldwide.
- Dyes: Natural dyes extracted from plants and minerals, like indigo and madder, were extensively used in India for dyeing textiles, making it an important export commodity.

Minerals and Metals:
- Iron and steel: India had a thriving iron and steel industry, exporting iron ore and finished steel products to various countries.
- Salt: India's coastal regions produced vast quantities of salt, which was exported to neighboring countries.
- Precious stones: India was famous for its gemstones, including diamonds, rubies, emeralds, and sapphires, which were exported to Europe and other parts of the world.

Handicrafts:
- India had a rich tradition of handicrafts, including woodwork, metalwork, pottery, and intricate embroidery, which were highly valued in international markets.

Conclusion:
Before independence, India's export basket was diverse and encompassed agricultural products, textiles, minerals, metals, and handicrafts. These goods not only contributed to the economic growth of the country but also played a significant role in establishing India's global reputation as a center of trade and craftsmanship.

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