Calculating Mole Fraction of Components in a Solution

To calculate the mole fraction of each component in a solution, we need to first understand what mole fraction is. Mole fraction is the ratio of the number of moles of a specific component in a solution to the total number of moles of all components in the solution. In other words, it is the fraction of the total number of moles that a specific component contributes to the solution.

Given Information

The solution is 25% water, 25% ethanol C2H5OH, and 50% acetic acid CH3COOH.

Calculating Mole Fraction of Water

To calculate the mole fraction of water, we need to first calculate the number of moles of water in the solution. We can use the following formula to do this:

Number of moles = mass / molar mass

The molar mass of water is 18 g/mol. If we assume that we have 100 g of the solution, then we have 25 g of water. Therefore, the number of moles of water is:

Number of moles of water = 25 g / 18 g/mol = 1.39 mol

To calculate the total number of moles in the solution, we need to add the number of moles of each component. Since we have equal amounts of ethanol and water, the number of moles of ethanol is also 1.39 mol. The molar mass of ethanol is 46 g/mol. Therefore, the mass of ethanol in the solution is:

Mass of ethanol = 25 g / 2 = 12.5 g

The number of moles of ethanol is:

Number of moles of ethanol = 12.5 g / 46 g/mol = 0.27 mol

The molar mass of acetic acid is 60 g/mol. If we assume that we have 100 g of the solution, then we have 50 g of acetic acid. Therefore, the number of moles of acetic acid is:

Number of moles of acetic acid = 50 g / 60 g/mol = 0.83 mol

The total number of moles in the solution is:

Total number of moles = 1.39 mol + 1.39 mol + 0.83 mol = 3.61 mol

Therefore, the mole fraction of water is:

Mole fraction of water = 1.39 mol / 3.61 mol = 0.385

Calculating Mole Fraction of Ethanol

To calculate the mole fraction of ethanol, we need to divide the number of moles of ethanol by the total number of moles in the solution. Therefore, the mole fraction of ethanol is:

Mole fraction of ethanol = 0.27 mol / 3.61 mol = 0.075

Calculating Mole Fraction of Acetic Acid

To calculate the mole fraction of acetic acid, we need to divide the number of moles of acetic acid by the total number of moles in the solution. Therefore, the mole fraction of acetic acid is:

Mole fraction of acetic acid = 0.83 mol / 3.61 mol = 0.23

Conclusion

In conclusion, the mole fraction of water in

Let the mass of solution is 100g
then, mass of water = 25g
mass of ethanol = 25g
mass of acetic acid = 50g

Now, find number of moles of each components ,
Number of mole of water = mass of water/Molar mass of water
= 25g/18g/mol [ ∵ molar mass of water = 18g/mol ]
≈ 1.4

Number of moles of ethanol = mass of ethanol/molar mass of ethanol
= 25g/46g/mol [ ∵ molar mass of ethanol (C2H5OH) = 46g/mol
= 0.54

Number of moles of acetic acid = mass of acetic acid/molar mass of acetic acid
= 50g/60g/mol [∵ molar mass of acetic acid (CH3COOH) = 60g/mol]
= 0.8
∴ total number of moles = 1.4 + 0.54 + 0.8 = 2.74
Now, mole fraction of water = moles of water/total moles
= 1.4/2.74 =0.51

similarly , mole fraction of ethanol = 0.54/2.74 = 0.197
mole fraction of acetic acid = 0.8/2.74 = 0.291
) is 46 and that of Acetic Acid (

) is 60.

Molarity of Water = 25/18 = 1.388 M
Molarity of Ethanol = 25/46 = 0.543 M
Molarity of Acetic Acid = 50/60 = 0.833 M

We know that Mole Fraction of a particular component = 
No. of moles of that component / Total no. of moles of all components in the solution

Total no. of moles = 1.388 + 0.543 + 0.833 = 2.764

Therefore, Mole fraction of Water = 1.388/2.764 = 0.502
Mole fraction of Ethanol = 0.543/2.764 = 0.196
Mole fraction of Acetic Acid = 0.833/2.764 = 0.301
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