Soil is moistened before sowing seeds because sufficient moisture is required to trigger the germination process and further crop development.

Introduction:
Moistening the soil before sowing seeds is an essential step in gardening and farming. It helps create the ideal conditions for seed germination and plant growth. This process involves adding water to the soil to increase its moisture content. Let's delve into the reasons why soil is moistened before sowing seeds.

1. Enhances Seed Germination:
Moistening the soil before sowing seeds provides the necessary moisture for germination. When seeds come into contact with moist soil, they absorb water, triggering the germination process. The water softens the seed coat, allowing the embryo inside to swell and sprout. Adequate moisture ensures that the seed's dormant state is broken, and the plant can start growing.

2. Facilitates Nutrient Absorption:
Moist soil enables the roots of germinating seeds to absorb essential nutrients from the soil. The water acts as a carrier, dissolving nutrients and making them available to the seedlings. Without sufficient moisture, the nutrients may remain inaccessible to the young plants, hindering their growth and development.

3. Provides Favorable Conditions:
Moistened soil creates a favorable environment for seed germination. It ensures that the soil particles are adequately separated, allowing the seedling's roots to penetrate easily and anchor themselves. The moisture also promotes aeration and prevents the soil from becoming compacted, facilitating root growth and nutrient uptake.

4. Prevents Seed Desiccation:
Moist soil helps prevent seed desiccation, which occurs when seeds lose moisture and dry out. Seeds need a certain amount of moisture to survive and germinate. By moistening the soil before sowing, the water is available to the seeds, reducing the risk of desiccation and increasing their chances of successful germination.

5. Supports Microbial Activity:
Moist soil provides a conducive environment for beneficial microbes to thrive. These microorganisms break down organic matter, releasing nutrients that are essential for plant growth. By moistening the soil, we create an ideal habitat for these beneficial microbes, allowing them to carry out their functions effectively.

Conclusion:
Moistening the soil before sowing seeds is crucial for successful germination and plant growth. It enhances seed germination, facilitates nutrient absorption, creates favorable conditions, prevents seed desiccation, and supports microbial activity. By ensuring the soil is adequately moist, we provide plants with an optimal environment to grow and thrive.