Introduction:
An absorption type dynamometer is a device used to measure the power output or torque characteristics of an engine or motor. It works by absorbing the power produced by the engine and converting it into heat or electrical energy. There are several types of absorption dynamometers, and one of them is the Prony brake dynamometer.

Prony Brake Dynamometer:
The Prony brake dynamometer is an absorption type dynamometer that is widely used to measure the power output of engines. It consists of a friction brake that is applied to the rotating shaft of the engine being tested. The brake applies a load to the engine, which causes it to slow down and generate torque.

Working Principle:
The Prony brake dynamometer works on the principle of friction. The brake consists of a pair of blocks that are pressed against the rotating shaft of the engine. The force applied by the blocks creates a frictional resistance, which results in a torque being exerted on the shaft. This torque can be measured using a torque arm and a load cell.

Measurement of Torque and Power:
To measure the torque, a torque arm is attached to the engine shaft, and the force exerted by the brake is transmitted through the torque arm to a load cell. The load cell converts the force into an electrical signal, which can be calibrated to measure the torque accurately.

The power output of the engine can be calculated by multiplying the torque measured by the dynamometer with the angular velocity of the engine shaft. This can be done using the formula:

Power = Torque x Angular Velocity

Advantages:
- The Prony brake dynamometer is a simple and cost-effective device.
- It can be easily installed and operated.
- It provides accurate measurements of torque and power.

Disadvantages:
- The Prony brake dynamometer can generate a significant amount of heat, which can affect the accuracy of measurements.
- The brake pads need regular maintenance and replacement.
- It is limited in its ability to measure high power or high-speed engines.

Conclusion:
The Prony brake dynamometer is an absorption type dynamometer that is commonly used to measure the power output of engines. It works by applying a frictional load to the engine shaft and measuring the resulting torque. Despite its limitations, it is a reliable and cost-effective option for power measurement in many applications.