Activities affecting water pollution include both natural processes and human activities. Natural processes such as weathering, erosion, and volcanic eruptions can contribute to water pollution to some extent. However, it is human activities that have a significant and widespread impact on water pollution.

Urbanization and Industrialization:
- Rapid urbanization and industrialization have led to the discharge of untreated domestic and industrial waste into water bodies.
- Industries release a wide range of pollutants, including heavy metals, chemicals, and organic compounds, into rivers, lakes, and oceans.
- Urban runoff from paved surfaces carries pollutants such as oil, pesticides, and litter into water bodies.

Agricultural Practices:
- The use of fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture contributes to water pollution through runoff and leaching.
- Excessive use of fertilizers can lead to the eutrophication of water bodies, causing excessive plant growth and oxygen depletion.
- Animal waste from livestock farming can also contaminate water sources if not managed properly.

Improper Waste Disposal:
- Improper disposal of household waste, including plastics, pharmaceuticals, and chemicals, can find their way into water bodies through sewage systems or illegal dumping.
- Improper disposal of hazardous waste, such as chemicals and heavy metals, poses a significant risk to water quality.

Deforestation and Soil Erosion:
- Deforestation increases soil erosion, leading to sedimentation in rivers and streams.
- Sedimentation reduces water clarity, disrupts aquatic ecosystems, and impacts the quality of drinking water.

Oil Spills and Accidental Releases:
- Oil spills from tanker accidents or offshore drilling operations can have severe consequences for marine ecosystems and coastal areas.
- Accidental releases of toxic substances, such as industrial chemicals or radioactive materials, can contaminate water sources and pose a threat to human and aquatic life.

Inadequate Sewage Treatment:
- In many developing countries, inadequate sewage treatment facilities result in the discharge of untreated or partially treated sewage into water bodies.
- This leads to the spread of waterborne diseases and compromises water quality for both humans and aquatic organisms.

In conclusion, water pollution is primarily caused by human activities such as urbanization, industrialization, agricultural practices, improper waste disposal, deforestation, oil spills, and inadequate sewage treatment. It is crucial to adopt sustainable practices, develop effective waste management systems, and promote awareness to prevent further degradation of our water resources.

1) industrial waste being dumped into water bodies making them impure.
2)the idol in India being thrown in to the water that are made up of iron or other non dissolveble material.
3)the trash being thrown by people like plastic, iron,etc.