In a balanced growth phase of bacterial cell, which of the following statements are correct ?a)All component of a cell grow at the same rateb)The growth rate decreases with decreasing substrate concentrationc)The growth rate is independent of substrate concentrationd)Specific growth determined by cell number and cell mass would be sameCorrect answer is option 'B,D'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

Balanced growth phase in bacterial cells

In a balanced growth phase of bacterial cells, the rate of cell growth is relatively constant, and there is a steady increase in cell number and cell mass. During this phase, the bacterial cells are actively dividing and synthesizing all cellular components required for growth. Let's analyze the given statements:

a) All components of a cell grow at the same rate
This statement is incorrect. During balanced growth, different components of a bacterial cell do not grow at the same rate. The rate of synthesis and growth of various cellular components, such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and cell wall materials, can vary depending on the growth conditions, nutrient availability, and specific requirements of the cell.

b) The growth rate decreases with decreasing substrate concentration
This statement is correct. The growth rate of bacterial cells is dependent on the availability of nutrients, particularly the substrate concentration. As the substrate concentration decreases, the growth rate of bacterial cells also decreases. This is because the cells have limited resources for cellular metabolism and reproduction when substrate concentrations are low. The growth rate is directly proportional to the substrate concentration, up to a certain point where it becomes limited by other factors.

c) The growth rate is independent of substrate concentration
This statement is incorrect. The growth rate of bacterial cells is highly dependent on the substrate concentration. Substrates, such as carbon sources, provide energy and building blocks for cell growth. As the substrate concentration decreases, the growth rate decreases as well.

d) Specific growth determined by cell number and cell mass would be the same
This statement is incorrect. Specific growth rate is a measure of how fast a population of cells is growing per unit biomass or cell mass. It is determined by dividing the growth rate by the cell mass or biomass. In a balanced growth phase, the specific growth rate can vary depending on the physiological state of the cells and the growth conditions. Therefore, the specific growth rate determined by cell number and cell mass would not necessarily be the same.

Conclusion
In summary, during a balanced growth phase of bacterial cells, the growth rate decreases with decreasing substrate concentration (statement B). Additionally, the specific growth rate determined by cell number and cell mass would not be the same (statement D). These statements are correct, while statements A and C are incorrect.

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