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The shear stress-strain graph for a Newtonian fluid is a
- a)Straight line
- b)Parabolic Curve
- c)Hyperbolic Curve
- d)Elliptical
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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The shear stress-strain graph for a Newtonian fluid is aa)Straight lin...
Newtonian fluids defined as fluids for which the shear stress is linearly proportional to the shear strain rate. Newtonian fluids are analogous to elastic solids (Hooke’s law: stress proportional to strain). Any common fluids, such as air and other gases, water, kerosene, gasoline, and other oil-based liquids, are Newtonian fluids.
Fluids for which the shear stress is not linearly related to the shear strain rate are called non- Newtonian fluids. examples include slurries and colloidal suspensions, polymer solutions, blood, paste, and cake batter.
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The shear stress-strain graph for a Newtonian fluid is aa)Straight lin...
The shear stress-strain graph for a Newtonian fluid is a straight line. This can be explained by considering the properties of Newtonian fluids and their behavior under shear stress.
1. Newtonian Fluids:
- Newtonian fluids are characterized by their constant viscosity, meaning that the shear stress is directly proportional to the shear rate.
- Shear stress (τ) is defined as the force per unit area that acts parallel to the surface of an object when it is subjected to shear deformation.
- Shear rate (γ) is defined as the rate of change of deformation with respect to time.
2. Relationship between Shear Stress and Shear Rate:
- In Newtonian fluids, the relationship between shear stress and shear rate is linear, represented by the equation τ = μγ, where μ is the dynamic viscosity of the fluid.
- The dynamic viscosity is a measure of a fluid's resistance to shear or flow.
3. Shear Stress-Strain Graph:
- When a Newtonian fluid is subjected to shear stress, it deforms continuously and the shear rate increases linearly with increasing shear stress.
- As a result, the shear stress-strain graph for a Newtonian fluid is a straight line passing through the origin.
- The slope of the line represents the dynamic viscosity of the fluid.
4. Example:
- Let's consider an example of a Newtonian fluid flowing between two parallel plates.
- Initially, when no shear stress is applied, the fluid does not deform and the shear rate is zero.
- As the shear stress is gradually increased, the fluid starts to deform, and the shear rate increases linearly.
- The slope of the resulting shear stress-strain graph represents the dynamic viscosity of the fluid.
- If the fluid has a higher dynamic viscosity, the slope of the graph will be steeper, indicating a higher resistance to shear deformation.
In conclusion, the shear stress-strain graph for a Newtonian fluid is a straight line because of the linear relationship between shear stress and shear rate in these fluids. This behavior is characteristic of fluids with constant viscosity, where the slope of the graph represents the dynamic viscosity of the fluid.
1. Newtonian Fluids:
- Newtonian fluids are characterized by their constant viscosity, meaning that the shear stress is directly proportional to the shear rate.
- Shear stress (τ) is defined as the force per unit area that acts parallel to the surface of an object when it is subjected to shear deformation.
- Shear rate (γ) is defined as the rate of change of deformation with respect to time.
2. Relationship between Shear Stress and Shear Rate:
- In Newtonian fluids, the relationship between shear stress and shear rate is linear, represented by the equation τ = μγ, where μ is the dynamic viscosity of the fluid.
- The dynamic viscosity is a measure of a fluid's resistance to shear or flow.
3. Shear Stress-Strain Graph:
- When a Newtonian fluid is subjected to shear stress, it deforms continuously and the shear rate increases linearly with increasing shear stress.
- As a result, the shear stress-strain graph for a Newtonian fluid is a straight line passing through the origin.
- The slope of the line represents the dynamic viscosity of the fluid.
4. Example:
- Let's consider an example of a Newtonian fluid flowing between two parallel plates.
- Initially, when no shear stress is applied, the fluid does not deform and the shear rate is zero.
- As the shear stress is gradually increased, the fluid starts to deform, and the shear rate increases linearly.
- The slope of the resulting shear stress-strain graph represents the dynamic viscosity of the fluid.
- If the fluid has a higher dynamic viscosity, the slope of the graph will be steeper, indicating a higher resistance to shear deformation.
In conclusion, the shear stress-strain graph for a Newtonian fluid is a straight line because of the linear relationship between shear stress and shear rate in these fluids. This behavior is characteristic of fluids with constant viscosity, where the slope of the graph represents the dynamic viscosity of the fluid.
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The shear stress-strain graph for a Newtonian fluid is aa)Straight lineb)Parabolic Curvec)Hyperbolic Curved)EllipticalCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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