Liquids and gases never show ferromagnetic property.

Ferromagnetism is a phenomenon where certain materials exhibit a strong attraction towards a magnetic field and can retain their magnetization even after the external field is removed. This property is commonly observed in solids, specifically in materials such as iron, cobalt, and nickel. However, liquids and gases do not exhibit ferromagnetic behavior. Let's understand why.

1. Definition of ferromagnetism:
Ferromagnetism is the property of certain materials to become permanently magnetized when exposed to a magnetic field. This behavior arises due to the alignment of magnetic moments of individual atoms or ions within the material.

2. Atomic and molecular arrangement:
In solids, the atoms or ions are arranged in a regular lattice structure, allowing for strong magnetic interactions between adjacent atoms. This arrangement facilitates the alignment of atomic magnetic moments, leading to the generation of a macroscopic magnetic field.

3. Randomness in liquids and gases:
In contrast to solids, liquids and gases do not possess a regular arrangement of atoms or ions. The particles in liquids and gases are in constant motion and exhibit a high degree of randomness. This lack of order prevents the establishment of a long-range magnetic order and hinders the alignment of magnetic moments.

4. Weaker magnetic interactions:
The weak intermolecular forces present in liquids and gases result in weaker magnetic interactions between particles. The magnetic moments of individual atoms or molecules in liquids and gases tend to align randomly, causing the cancellation of any net magnetic effect.

5. Temperature effects:
At high temperatures, the thermal energy of particles in liquids and gases is sufficient to disrupt any temporary magnetic alignment that may occur. This thermal agitation prevents the establishment of a long-lasting magnetic order and weakens any magnetic behavior that may be present.

Therefore, due to the lack of regular atomic or molecular arrangement, weaker magnetic interactions, and the influence of thermal energy, liquids and gases do not exhibit ferromagnetic properties.