Which of the following statements regarding soil is/are correct?1. All...
Soil Types and their Characteristics:
Alluvial Soils:
- Alluvial soils are formed by the deposition of sediments brought by rivers or streams.
- They are usually found in river valleys, floodplains, and deltas.
- Alluvial soils are generally fertile and are composed of a mixture of clay, silt, sand, and organic matter.
- They are well-drained and have a high water-holding capacity.
- Alluvial soils are rich in minerals like phosphorus, potassium, and calcium, but their nitrogen content is generally moderate.
Black Soils:
- Black soils, also known as regur or black cotton soils, are found in parts of India.
- They are formed from volcanic rocks and are characterized by their dark color and high fertility.
- Black soils are rich in clay and organic matter, which gives them good water retention capacity.
- They have a high cation exchange capacity (CEC) and are known for their ability to hold nutrients.
- However, black soils are deficient in nitrogen and phosphorus, but rich in iron and lime.
Laterite Soils:
- Laterite soils are found in areas with high temperatures and heavy rainfall, such as tropical regions.
- They are formed by the weathering of rocks, especially those rich in iron and aluminum.
- Laterite soils are typically red or yellow in color and are well-drained.
- They are deficient in nitrogen and potassium, but rich in iron and aluminum.
- Laterite soils have low fertility and can be acidic in nature.
Correct Statements:
Based on the characteristics of each soil type, the correct statements are:
2. Black soils are rich in iron and lime but deficient in nitrogen.
3. Laterite soils are rich in iron and aluminum but deficient in nitrogen and potassium.
Therefore, option C (2 and 3 only) is the correct answer.