Test for Alcohol:
- Lucas Test: This test is used to differentiate between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols. In this test, Lucas reagent (a mixture of concentrated hydrochloric acid and zinc chloride) is added to the alcohol. The formation of a cloudy precipitate indicates the presence of a tertiary alcohol, while the formation of a milky solution after a few minutes indicates the presence of a secondary alcohol. No reaction or a very slow reaction indicates the presence of a primary alcohol.

Test for Phenol:
- Ferric Chloride Test: This test is used to identify the presence of phenols. A few drops of ferric chloride solution are added to the compound. The formation of a purple color indicates the presence of phenols.

Test for Ether:
- Peroxide Test: This test is used to detect the presence of ethers. A small amount of the compound is added to a solution of potassium permanganate in sulfuric acid. If the solution turns green, it indicates the presence of an ether.

Test for Aldehyde:
- Tollens' Test: This test is used to identify the presence of aldehydes. The compound is mixed with Tollens' reagent (a solution of silver nitrate in ammonia) and heated. The formation of a silver mirror on the inner wall of the test tube indicates the presence of an aldehyde.

Test for Ketone:
- Iodoform Test: This test is used to detect the presence of methyl ketones. The compound is mixed with iodine in sodium hydroxide solution. The formation of a yellow precipitate of iodoform indicates the presence of a methyl ketone.

Test for Acid:
- Litmus Test: This test is used to determine whether a compound is acidic or basic. Blue litmus paper turns red when in contact with an acid.

Test for Amine:
- Hinsberg Test: This test is used to differentiate between primary, secondary, and tertiary amines. The compound is reacted with Hinsberg reagent (benzenesulfonyl chloride) in the presence of sodium hydroxide. The reaction products are then acidified with hydrochloric acid. The formation of a precipitate indicates the presence of a primary or secondary amine, while no precipitate is formed in the case of a tertiary amine.

Overall, these tests provide a way to identify and differentiate between different functional groups in organic compounds, allowing chemists to determine their structure and composition.