Information about an Element




a. Number of Electrons:
An element is represented as X, where X is the atomic symbol. To find the number of electrons in an element, you can look at its atomic number, which is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus. Since atoms are electrically neutral, the number of electrons will also be equal to the number of protons. For example, if the atomic number of element X is 10, then it will have 10 electrons.




b. Number of Neutrons:
To determine the number of neutrons in an element, you need to subtract the atomic number from the mass number. The mass number represents the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. For example, if the atomic number of element X is 10 and the mass number is 22, then the number of neutrons would be 12 (22 - 10).




c. Valency:
The valency of an element is determined by its electron configuration. Valency is the combining power of an element, which determines how many electrons it needs to gain, lose, or share to achieve a stable electron configuration. For example, if element X has 5 electrons in its outer shell, it will have a valency of 3 since it needs to gain 3 electrons to achieve a stable octet configuration.




d. Type of Ion Formed:
The type of ion formed by an element depends on its ability to gain or lose electrons. Elements that readily lose electrons form positive ions (cations), while elements that readily gain electrons form negative ions (anions). For example, if element X has a valency of 2, it will form a cation with a charge of +2 by losing 2 electrons.

Element ka atomic no kya haii