Fuel used in boilers: Bituminous

Bituminous coal is the most commonly used fuel in boilers. It is a type of coal that falls under the category of sedimentary rock. Bituminous coal is widely used as a fuel in power plants, industrial boilers, and heating systems due to its high energy content and relatively low cost compared to other types of coal.

Properties of Bituminous Coal:
- High carbon content: Bituminous coal contains a high percentage of carbon, typically ranging from 45% to 86%. This high carbon content makes it an efficient fuel for combustion, providing a high heat value.
- Moderate moisture content: The moisture content of bituminous coal is typically between 2% and 15%. This moisture content affects the energy output of the coal when it is burned. Higher moisture content can decrease the heat output.
- Medium to high sulfur content: Bituminous coal contains sulfur, which can contribute to air pollution when burned. However, technological advancements in boiler systems help to reduce sulfur emissions.
- Medium to high ash content: Bituminous coal also contains ash, which is the inorganic residue left after combustion. The ash content can vary between 5% and 40%. Higher ash content can lead to increased boiler maintenance and disposal costs.

Reasons for using Bituminous Coal in Boilers:
1. High energy content: Bituminous coal has a higher energy content compared to other types of coal. This means that it can produce more heat per unit of weight, making it an efficient fuel source for boilers.
2. Availability and affordability: Bituminous coal is readily available in many parts of the world, making it a cost-effective fuel option for boilers. Its abundance makes it a reliable and sustainable energy source.
3. Combustion characteristics: Bituminous coal has good combustion characteristics, allowing it to burn efficiently and produce a steady heat output. It can be easily ignited and provides a long-lasting flame, making it suitable for continuous operation in boilers.

Overall, bituminous coal is the preferred fuel for boilers due to its high energy content, availability, affordability, and combustion characteristics. However, it is important to consider environmental factors and implement appropriate emission control measures to mitigate the impact of sulfur and ash content on air quality.