Percentage:

Percentage is a way of expressing a part or a whole as a fraction of 100. It is commonly used to compare quantities and changes in quantities. Percentages are used in various fields such as mathematics, finance, statistics, and everyday life.

Calculating Percentage Change:

To calculate the percentage change, we use the formula:

Percentage Change = (New Value - Old Value) / Old Value * 100

This formula helps us determine the increase or decrease in a quantity expressed as a percentage.

Calculating the Percentage Reduction:

To find the percentage by which a household should reduce its consumption so that there is no change in monthly expenditure, we need to consider the increase in the price of sugar.

Let's assume the original price of sugar was $100. After a 25% increase, the new price becomes:

New Price = $100 + ($100 * 25/100) = $100 + $25 = $125

To maintain the same monthly expenditure, the household needs to spend $100 on sugar. Therefore, the household needs to find the percentage reduction in consumption to reach the original expenditure of $100.

Step 1: Calculate the difference between the new and original prices:

Difference = New Price - Original Price = $125 - $100 = $25

Step 2: Calculate the percentage reduction:

Percentage Reduction = (Difference / New Price) * 100 = ($25 / $125) * 100 = 20%

Therefore, the household should reduce its consumption of sugar by 20% to maintain the same monthly expenditure.

Summary:

- Percentage is a way of expressing a part or a whole as a fraction of 100.
- Percentage change is calculated using the formula: (New Value - Old Value) / Old Value * 100.
- To find the percentage by which a household should reduce its consumption, we consider the increase in price.
- In this case, the household needs to reduce its consumption by 20% to maintain the same monthly expenditure.

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