Full Form of GMO
GMO stands for Genetically Modified Organism. This term refers to organisms—plants, animals, or microorganisms—whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.
Understanding GMOs
Genetic modification is performed to introduce new traits or enhance existing ones, which can improve the organism's resistance to diseases, pests, or environmental conditions.
Key Characteristics of GMOs

• Enhanced Traits: GMOs can exhibit better growth rates, increased yields, and improved nutritional profiles.
• Pest and Disease Resistance: Many GMOs are engineered to withstand pests and diseases, reducing the need for chemical pesticides.
• Environmental Resilience: Some genetically modified crops can tolerate harsh environmental conditions such as drought or extreme temperatures.

Applications of GMOs

• Agriculture: GMOs play a significant role in modern agriculture, with crops like Bt cotton and Roundup Ready soybeans being widely cultivated.
• Medicine: Genetically modified organisms are used to produce insulin, vaccines, and other therapeutic proteins.
• Research: GMOs are essential in scientific research, helping to understand gene functions and disease mechanisms.

Controversies Surrounding GMOs
Despite their benefits, GMOs are often met with public skepticism due to concerns about environmental impacts, health safety, and ethical issues.
Conclusion
Understanding GMOs is crucial for informed discussions about biotechnology, agriculture, and food safety. As technology advances, the role of GMOs in society continues to evolve.