Why does cerium shows oxidation state of 4 ?

Question

Why does cerium shows oxidation state of  4 ?

Answer

The +4 oxidation state is shown because after losing 1 electron from the f sub shell, it attain a noble gas configuration

Answer

Answer

See--

These extra oxidation states are stable due to the presence of either half filled or fully filled or empty f sub shell. Cerium shows +4 oxidation state.. Cerium has the atomic number=58. ... The +4 oxidation state is shown because after losing 1 electron from the f sub shell, it attain a noble gas configuration.

Answer

Reasons for Cerium showing oxidation state of 4

Reason 1: Electronic configuration
- Cerium has an electronic configuration of [Xe] 4f^1 5d^1 6s^2, which means it has a total of four valence electrons.
- These valence electrons can be lost or shared during chemical reactions, leading to various oxidation states.

Reason 2: Stability
- The +4 oxidation state of cerium is relatively stable due to the half-filled 4f subshell.
- Half-filled or fully-filled subshells are known to be particularly stable, making the +4 oxidation state favored in cerium compounds.

Reason 3: Ionic radii
- Cerium is a lanthanide element, and as we move across the lanthanide series from left to right, the ionic radii decrease.
- The decrease in ionic radii makes it easier for cerium to achieve a +4 oxidation state by losing four electrons, as the smaller size allows for a higher charge density.

Reason 4: Coordination chemistry
- Cerium can exhibit a variety of oxidation states in coordination complexes, but the +4 oxidation state is commonly observed due to its ability to form stable complexes with ligands.
- The ability of cerium to form stable coordination complexes in the +4 oxidation state makes it a versatile element in various chemical reactions.

In conclusion, the electronic configuration, stability, ionic radii, and coordination chemistry of cerium all contribute to its ability to show an oxidation state of +4 in compounds.

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