How We Hear Sound

Sound is a sensory experience that allows us to perceive the world around us. It is the result of vibrations traveling through a medium, such as air, water, or solids. The process of hearing sound involves several intricate steps that enable us to interpret and understand the auditory information.

Sound Waves
Sound waves are created when an object vibrates, causing particles in the surrounding medium to also vibrate. These vibrations are then transferred from one particle to the next, creating a wave-like motion. Sound waves consist of compressions (regions of higher pressure) and rarefactions (regions of lower pressure).

Outer Ear
The hearing process begins with the outer ear, which consists of the pinna and the ear canal. The pinna, the visible part of the ear, helps to collect sound waves and direct them into the ear canal. The ear canal is a tube-like structure that leads to the eardrum.

Middle Ear
After sound waves enter the ear canal, they reach the middle ear, which includes the eardrum and three small bones called ossicles: the malleus, incus, and stapes. The sound waves cause the eardrum to vibrate, which in turn causes the ossicles to vibrate. These vibrations amplify the sound and transmit it to the inner ear.

Inner Ear
The inner ear is a complex structure that contains the cochlea, a snail-shaped organ responsible for converting sound vibrations into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the brain. As the ossicles vibrate, they create waves of fluid in the cochlea, stimulating thousands of tiny hair cells lining its surface.

Hair Cells and Auditory Nerve
The hair cells in the cochlea are crucial for the process of hearing. When the fluid within the cochlea moves, it causes the hair cells to bend. This bending of the hair cells triggers the release of chemical neurotransmitters, which generate electrical signals. These signals are then picked up by the auditory nerve, which carries them to the brain for interpretation.

Brain Interpretation
The electrical signals generated by the hair cells travel along the auditory nerve to the brainstem, where they are further processed and analyzed. From the brainstem, the signals are transmitted to the auditory cortex, a part of the brain responsible for interpreting and understanding sound. The brain combines these signals with other sensory information to create the perception of sound.

In conclusion, the process of hearing sound involves the reception of sound waves by the outer ear, the amplification and transmission of these waves through the middle ear, the conversion of vibrations into electrical signals by the hair cells in the inner ear, and the interpretation of these signals by the brain. This intricate system allows us to perceive and understand the rich auditory world around us.

As we know that we hear sound with the help of hear but our ear are divided into three parts .i.e: Outer ear , middle ear and inner ear.


Outer ear alle also called Pinna.It is collects the vibration of sound from air and send this to the middle ear . Middle ear consist of three very small and delicate bones called (hammer,anvil,stirrup).

Hammer is touching with the ear drum then, ear drum vibrate .These vibration produce electrical signals these electrical signals are attract by auditory nerve which goes into the brain and finally brain convert into language ir words .