The first meeting of the Indian National Congress (INC) was held in Bombay (now Mumbai) in December 1885. The formation of the Indian National Congress marked a significant milestone in India's independence movement. Here is a detailed explanation of why the first meeting was held in Bombay:

Historical Context:
- During the 19th century, India was under British colonial rule, and there was a growing sense of nationalism and desire for self-governance among Indians.
- Several factors contributed to the formation of the Indian National Congress, including the influence of the British liberal political tradition, the impact of the educated middle class, and the need for a platform to voice the grievances of Indians.

Reasons for choosing Bombay:
1. Presence of Educated Elite:
- Bombay was chosen as the venue for the first meeting due to the presence of a large number of educated elites who could actively participate and contribute to the cause of the Congress.
- The city had a thriving intellectual and social milieu, with renowned educational institutions like Elphinstone College and the University of Bombay.
- The educated elite in Bombay had the necessary resources, contacts, and influence to support the Congress and help it gain momentum.

2. Accessibility and Communication:
- Bombay was a major port city and had good transportation links, making it easily accessible for delegates from different parts of India.
- The availability of railways and steamship services facilitated the travel of delegates from distant regions, ensuring their participation in the inaugural session.

3. Political Climate:
- Bombay had a relatively liberal political atmosphere compared to other regions, making it conducive for the formation of a political organization like the Indian National Congress.
- The city had a history of political reform movements, such as the Bombay Association, which advocated for social and political reforms in the region.

Significance and Outcome:
- The first meeting of the Indian National Congress in Bombay laid the foundation for future political and social movements in India.
- It provided a platform for Indians to voice their concerns, discuss political reforms, and work towards the goal of self-governance.
- The Congress went on to play a pivotal role in the struggle for independence, with its leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Subhas Chandra Bose leading the movement.

In conclusion, the first meeting of the Indian National Congress was held in Bombay due to the city's significant presence of educated elites, accessibility, good communication networks, and liberal political climate. This choice of venue proved instrumental in laying the groundwork for the Congress and its subsequent role in the Indian independence movement.