When a force is required to move an electron in the direction of an electric field , its electrical potential energy increases..

So , ( option B ) is the correct answer.

Potential energy of the electron

When an electron is moved within an electric field, its potential energy changes. Potential energy refers to the energy possessed by an object due to its position or configuration.

Electric field
An electric field is a region around a charged object where electric forces are exerted on other charged objects. The electric field is created by the presence of a charged object and can be either positive or negative.

Electron movement within an electric field
When an electron is moved within an electric field, it experiences a force due to the presence of the electric field. This force causes the electron to accelerate and gain kinetic energy. As the electron gains kinetic energy, its potential energy decreases.

Change in potential energy
The potential energy of an electron in an electric field depends on its position within the field. As the electron is moved within the field, its position changes, leading to a change in its potential energy.

If the electron is moved towards a region of higher electric potential (positive charge), its potential energy decreases. On the other hand, if the electron is moved towards a region of lower electric potential (negative charge), its potential energy increases.

Significance of potential energy change
The change in potential energy of an electron within an electric field is important as it determines the ability of the electric field to do work on the electron or vice versa. The electric field can exert a force on the electron, causing it to move and gain or lose potential energy.

In practical terms, this change in potential energy is harnessed in various electrical devices such as batteries, capacitors, and generators. Understanding the behavior of electrons within electric fields is crucial for the functioning of these devices.

In conclusion, moving an electron within an electric field changes its potential energy. The force exerted by the electric field causes the electron to gain or lose potential energy depending on its movement within the field.