The principle of electromagnetic induction is used in which of the following phenomenona)Generation of electricity in hydroelectricity.b)Generation of electricity in nuclear power plant.c)Generation of electricity in thermal power plant.d)Generation of electricity from wind energy.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

Electrical generators (such as hydroelectric dams) where mechanical power is used to move a magnetic field past coils of wire to generate voltage

Answer

In hydroelectricity the power of a turbine depends on the size of the water drop and the quantity of water flowing through the turbine. The water propels the turbine, which in turn powers an electric generator, which produces electricity under the principle of electromagnetic induction.

Answer

Principle of Electromagnetic Induction

The principle of electromagnetic induction is a fundamental concept in physics that explains the generation of electricity through the interaction of a magnetic field and an electric conductor. It was first discovered by Michael Faraday in the early 19th century.

Explanation

The principle of electromagnetic induction states that whenever a magnetic field changes within a closed loop of wire, an electric current is induced in the wire. This phenomenon occurs due to the interaction between the magnetic field and the charges (electrons) within the conductor. The basic principle can be summarized as follows:

1. Magnetic Field: The presence of a magnetic field is essential for electromagnetic induction. A magnetic field can be generated by a permanent magnet or by passing an electric current through a coil of wire.

2. Changing Magnetic Field: The magnetic field must change or vary in strength or direction with respect to the conductor. This change in the magnetic field induces an electric current in the conductor.

3. Closed Loop Conductor: The conductor, usually in the form of a coil or a loop, is made of a material that allows the flow of electric charges. It is important for the conductor to form a closed loop so that the induced current can flow continuously.

4. Induced Current: When the magnetic field changes, the magnetic lines of force cut across the conductor, causing a force on the free charges within the conductor. This force moves the charges, creating an electric current in the conductor.

Application in Hydroelectricity Generation

In hydroelectric power plants, the principle of electromagnetic induction is utilized to generate electricity. The process involves the following steps:

1. Water Turbines: The potential energy of water stored in a reservoir is converted into kinetic energy by allowing it to flow through water turbines. These turbines are connected to a rotor.

2. Magnetic Field Generation: The rotor is surrounded by a series of magnets, which create a strong magnetic field.

3. Rotational Motion: As the water turbines turn due to the force of flowing water, the rotor also rotates within the magnetic field.

4. Changing Magnetic Field: The rotation of the rotor causes the magnetic field to change within the closed loop of wire (coil) surrounding it.

5. Induced Current: According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, the changing magnetic field induces an electric current in the coil.

6. Generation of Electricity: The induced current is then captured and harnessed to generate electricity, which can be further transmitted and distributed for various applications.

Therefore, the principle of electromagnetic induction is utilized in the generation of electricity in hydroelectric power plants by converting the kinetic energy of flowing water into electrical energy through the interaction of a changing magnetic field and a closed loop conductor.

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