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The optical phenomenon that is primarily responsible for the observation of rainbow on a rainy day is ________.
  • a)
    Diffraction
  • b)
    Interference
  • c)
    Dispersion
  • d)
    Reflection
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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Dispersion is the optical phenomenon that is primarily responsible for the observation of a rainbow on a rainy day.

Explanation:


  • Dispersion: Dispersion is the process in which white light is separated into its constituent colors by refraction when it passes through a medium.

  • Refraction: Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another with a different refractive index.

  • Raindrops: When it is raining, there are numerous water droplets present in the air. These raindrops act like tiny prisms that refract and disperse the sunlight.

  • White Light: Sunlight appears white, but it is actually a combination of different colors, which can be observed when it passes through a prism or raindrops.

  • Index of Refraction: Different colors of light have different wavelengths and hence different indices of refraction. This causes the different colors to bend at different angles when passing through a medium.

  • Rainbow Formation: When sunlight enters a raindrop, it undergoes both refraction and dispersion. The light is refracted as it enters the raindrop, and then it is dispersed into its constituent colors due to the different indices of refraction for different wavelengths.

  • Internal Reflection: The dispersed light is reflected internally within the raindrop and then refracted again as it exits the raindrop.

  • Separation of Colors: As the light exits the raindrop, the different colors are separated and spread out. This separation creates the characteristic semicircular shape of the rainbow.

  • Multiple Raindrops: The observation of a complete rainbow requires the presence of multiple raindrops, each contributing to a different part of the rainbow.



Therefore, it is the phenomenon of dispersion that is primarily responsible for the observation of a rainbow on a rainy day. The dispersion of sunlight by raindrops causes the different colors to separate and form a beautiful arc of colors in the sky.
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The optical phenomenon that is primarily responsible for the observation of rainbow on a rainy day is ________.a)Diffractionb)Interferencec)Dispersiond)ReflectionCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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