The process of copying genetic information from one strand of DNA into RNA is termed asa)Translationb)Transcriptionc)Replicationd)MutationCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

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The process of copying genetic information from one strand of DNA into RNA is termed as

a)
Translation
b)
Transcription
c)
Replication
d)
Mutation

Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

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CDS I - General Knowledge Previous Year Question Paper 2017

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Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.Some gene mutations produce characteristics so undesirable that it is difficult to imagine any reasonable change in environmental conditions that would make them beneficial. There are mutations that lead to the nondevelopment of hands and feet, to the production of blood that will not clot, to serious malformations of essential organs, and so on. Any mutation that brings about death before the gene producing it can be passed on to another generation is a lethal mutation. A gene governing a lethal characteristic may be dominant. Under such conditions, the lethal gene is removed in the same generation in which it is formed. The lethal gene may, on the other hand, be recessive. Its effect is then not evident if the gene it is paired with is normal. The normal gene carries on for both. When this is the case, the lethal gene will remain in existence and will, every once in a while, make itself evident. These undesirable genes may be passed along for generations, even if dominant, before natural selection culls them out. The more seriously undesirable they are, the more quickly they are removed, but even outright lethal genes will be included among the chromosomes from generation to generation provided they are recessive. These deleterious genes make up the genetic load. The gene pool is necessary for the flexibility that will allow a species to survive and evolve over the eons and the genetic load is the price that must be paid for that. The size of a genetic load depends on two factors: The rate at which a deleterious gene is produced through mutation, and the rate at which it is removed by natural selection. When the rate of removal equals the rate of production, a condition of genetic equilibrium is reached and the level of occurrence of that gene then remains stable over the generations.Q.Which of the following are the bad mutations of a gene?A. Mutations that lead to the nondevelopment of hands and feetB. Mutations that turn a dominant gene into a recessive oneC. Mutations that cause serious malformations of essential organsD. Mutations that cause the blood to stop clotting

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Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.Some gene mutations produce characteristics so undesirable that it is difficult to imagine any reasonable change in environmental conditions that would make them beneficial. There are mutations that lead to the nondevelopment of hands and feet, to the production of blood that will not clot, to serious malformations of essential organs, and so on. Any mutation that brings about death before the gene producing it can be passed on to another generation is a lethal mutation. A gene governing a lethal characteristic may be dominant. Under such conditions, the lethal gene is removed in the same generation in which it is formed. The lethal gene may, on the other hand, be recessive. Its effect is then not evident if the gene it is paired with is normal. The normal gene carries on for both. When this is the case, the lethal gene will remain in existence and will, every once in a while, make itself evident. These undesirable genes may be passed along for generations, even if dominant, before natural selection culls them out. The more seriously undesirable they are, the more quickly they are removed, but even outright lethal genes will be included among the chromosomes from generation to generation provided they are recessive. These deleterious genes make up the genetic load. The gene pool is necessary for the flexibility that will allow a species to survive and evolve over the eons and the genetic load is the price that must be paid for that. The size of a genetic load depends on two factors: The rate at which a deleterious gene is produced through mutation, and the rate at which it is removed by natural selection. When the rate of removal equals the rate of production, a condition of genetic equilibrium is reached and the level of occurrence of that gene then remains stable over the generations.Q.Consider the following scenario.A carries a recessive lethalgene. B carries a dominant lethalgene. C carries nolethalgenes.According to the passage, which of the following is most definitelyTRUE?

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Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.Some gene mutations produce characteristics so undesirable that it is difficult to imagine any reasonable change in environmental conditions that would make them beneficial. There are mutations that lead to the nondevelopment of hands and feet, to the production of blood that will not clot, to serious malformations of essential organs, and so on. Any mutation that brings about death before the gene producing it can be passed on to another generation is a lethal mutation. A gene governing a lethal characteristic may be dominant. Under such conditions, the lethal gene is removed in the same generation in which it is formed. The lethal gene may, on the other hand, be recessive. Its effect is then not evident if the gene it is paired with is normal. The normal gene carries on for both. When this is the case, the lethal gene will remain in existence and will, every once in a while, make itself evident. These undesirable genes may be passed along for generations, even if dominant, before natural selection culls them out. The more seriously undesirable they are, the more quickly they are removed, but even outright lethal genes will be included among the chromosomes from generation to generation provided they are recessive. These deleterious genes make up the genetic load. The gene pool is necessary for the flexibility that will allow a species to survive and evolve over the eons and the genetic load is the price that must be paid for that. The size of a genetic load depends on two factors: The rate at which a deleterious gene is produced through mutation, and the rate at which it is removed by natural selection. When the rate of removal equals the rate of production, a condition of genetic equilibrium is reached and the level of occurrence of that gene then remains stable over the generations.Q.What is a lethal mutation?

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Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.Some gene mutations produce characteristics so undesirable that it is difficult to imagine any reasonable change in environmental conditions that would make them beneficial. There are mutations that lead to the nondevelopment of hands and feet, to the production of blood that will not clot, to serious malformations of essential organs, and so on. Any mutation that brings about death before the gene producing it can be passed on to another generation is a lethal mutation. A gene governing a lethal characteristic may be dominant. Under such conditions, the lethal gene is removed in the same generation in which it is formed. The lethal gene may, on the other hand, be recessive. Its effect is then not evident if the gene it is paired with is normal. The normal gene carries on for both. When this is the case, the lethal gene will remain in existence and will, every once in a while, make itself evident. These undesirable genes may be passed along for generations, even if dominant, before natural selection culls them out. The more seriously undesirable they are, the more quickly they are removed, but even outright lethal genes will be included among the chromosomes from generation to generation provided they are recessive. These deleterious genes make up the genetic load. The gene pool is necessary for the flexibility that will allow a species to survive and evolve over the eons and the genetic load is the price that must be paid for that. The size of a genetic load depends on two factors: The rate at which a deleterious gene is produced through mutation, and the rate at which it is removed by natural selection. When the rate of removal equals the rate of production, a condition of genetic equilibrium is reached and the level of occurrence of that gene then remains stable over the generations.Q.According to the passage, when does the dominant deleterious gene become lethal?