Umbrage:
Umbrage refers to a feeling of offense or resentment caused by a perceived insult or slight. It can also be defined as a sense of annoyance or displeasure. In general, umbrage is a negative emotional reaction to something that is seen as disrespectful or offensive.

Nearest Meaning:
The word "umbrage" is often used to describe a defensive or protective response to a perceived insult or offense. Therefore, the word that gives the nearest meaning to "umbrage" is "bridle."

Bridle:
The word "bridle" is commonly used to describe a restraint or control over one's emotions or actions. It implies a conscious effort to hold back or control one's anger, frustration, or irritation. In the context of the given question, selecting "bridle" as the nearest meaning to "umbrage" suggests that it represents a defensive response wherein one tries to restrain their negative emotions.

Explanation:
- Umbrage is a negative emotional reaction to an insult or offense.
- Bridle refers to the act of restraining or controlling one's emotions or actions.
- In the given options, "bridle" is the word that best represents a defensive response to an insult or offense.
- Defensive (option a) refers to protecting oneself, but it does not specifically imply controlling emotions.
- Outrage (option c) refers to extreme anger or shock, which is not necessarily related to a defensive response.
- Calmness (option d) is the opposite of umbrage and does not convey a defensive reaction.

Conclusion:
In the context of the given question and the meaning of umbrage, "bridle" is the word that gives the nearest meaning. It represents a defensive response wherein one tries to control or restrain their negative emotions.