The bond angle between C-O and O-H bonds in alcohol is close to 109.5 degrees (tetrahedral angle).



Explanation:



Alcohol is a class of organic compounds that contain a hydroxyl group (-OH) bonded to a carbon atom. The geometry around the carbon atom in an alcohol molecule is tetrahedral, which means it has four electron groups around it.

Tetrahedral Geometry:


In a tetrahedral geometry, the carbon atom is located at the center of a tetrahedron, with the four electron groups occupying the four corners of the tetrahedron. The bond angles in a tetrahedral molecule are all approximately 109.5 degrees. This is because the electron groups, whether they are bonds or lone pairs, repel each other and try to stay as far apart as possible to minimize repulsion.

Bond Angle in Alcohol:


In an alcohol molecule, there are three electron groups around the carbon atom: one bond to another carbon atom (C-C bond), one bond to oxygen (C-O bond), and one bond to hydrogen (C-H bond). The bond angle between the C-O and C-H bonds is close to 109.5 degrees.

Explanation of Bond Angle:


The bond angle between the C-O and C-H bonds in alcohol is close to 109.5 degrees because the oxygen atom and the hydrogen atom are both bonded to the same carbon atom. The repulsion between the electron groups causes the bonds to adopt a tetrahedral arrangement, with the bond angles close to the ideal tetrahedral angle of 109.5 degrees.

Importance of Bond Angle:


The bond angle in alcohol is important because it affects the overall shape and reactivity of the molecule. The tetrahedral geometry of alcohol allows for various reactions, such as nucleophilic substitution, dehydration, and oxidation. Understanding the bond angle helps in predicting and explaining the behavior of alcohol in chemical reactions.

Summary:


The bond angle between the C-O and C-H bonds in alcohol is close to 109.5 degrees. This angle is a result of the tetrahedral geometry around the carbon atom in alcohol. The bond angle is significant for understanding the shape and reactivity of alcohol molecules in various chemical reactions.

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