Fundamental Rights vs Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution

The Indian Constitution guarantees both Fundamental Rights and Fundamental Duties to its citizens. Here are the key differences between the two:

1. Meaning and Definition

Fundamental Rights are the basic rights that are guaranteed to every citizen of India to ensure their individual freedom and dignity. These rights are enshrined in Part III of the Constitution.

Fundamental Duties, on the other hand, are the moral obligations of every citizen to contribute to the well-being of the nation and maintain its unity and integrity. These duties are listed in Part IV-A of the Constitution.

2. Nature

Fundamental Rights are negative in nature, which means they are designed to protect citizens from arbitrary actions by the state. For example, the right to freedom of speech and expression protects citizens from censorship by the government.

Fundamental Duties are positive in nature, which means they require citizens to actively participate in nation-building activities. For example, the duty to vote in elections requires citizens to actively participate in the democratic process.

3. Enforcement

Fundamental Rights are justiciable, which means citizens can approach the courts if their rights are violated by the state.

Fundamental Duties, on the other hand, are non-justiciable, which means citizens cannot be punished for not fulfilling their duties. However, these duties are still important for the well-being of the nation.

4. Number and Scope

There are six Fundamental Rights guaranteed by the Constitution, which include the right to equality, right to freedom, right to life and personal liberty, right to education, right against exploitation, and right to religious freedom.

There are eleven Fundamental Duties listed in the Constitution, which include the duty to respect the national flag and anthem, to promote harmony and brotherhood, to protect the environment, and to uphold the sovereignty of the nation.

Conclusion

Fundamental Rights and Fundamental Duties are two important aspects of the Indian Constitution that ensure the well-being and unity of the nation. While Fundamental Rights protect individual freedom and dignity, Fundamental Duties promote the idea of a responsible and active citizenry.

Rights are what every citizen deserve equally and duties are what every citizen should follow equally