Memorandum of Association (MOA)

The Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the constitution and objectives of a company. It is the foundation or the charter of the company, which defines the company's scope of activities and the relationship between the company and its shareholders. The MOA contains the following information:

• The name of the company


• The company's registered office address


• Details of the company's objectives


• The amount of authorized share capital


• The names, addresses, and occupations of the company's promoters

Article of Association (AOA)

The Articles of Association (AOA) are the rules and regulations by which the company manages its internal affairs. It is the document that governs the internal management of the company, including the rights, duties, and responsibilities of the company's directors and shareholders. The AOA contains the following information:

• The company's share capital and the rights attached to the shares


• The procedures for the transfer of shares


• The procedures for the appointment and removal of directors


• The procedures for holding meetings of directors and shareholders


• The procedures for the distribution of profits and dividends

Difference between MOA and AOA

MOA is the charter of the company, while AOA is the internal management document. The main differences between MOA and AOA are as follows:

• MOA is the foundation document of the company, while AOA is the document that governs the internal management of the company.


• MOA defines the company's scope of activities and the relationship between the company and its shareholders, while AOA defines the rights, duties, and responsibilities of the company's directors and shareholders.


• MOA cannot be altered easily, while AOA can be altered by the company through a special resolution.

In conclusion, the MOA and AOA are two essential documents for the incorporation of a company. The MOA outlines the company's scope of activities and its relationship with its shareholders, while the AOA governs the internal management of the company. Both documents are important for the smooth functioning of the company.