Lysosomes are the organelles of mammalian cells that are rich in hydrolytic enzymes. Lysosomes are membrane-bound sacs filled with digestive enzymes that break down various biomolecules, including proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. These enzymes are called hydrolytic enzymes because they use water molecules to break the chemical bonds in these biomolecules.

The key points regarding lysosomes as the organelles rich in hydrolytic enzymes are as follows:

1. Lysosomal Structure: Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles that are spherical in shape. They are formed by the Golgi apparatus and contain a variety of hydrolytic enzymes.

2. Acidic Environment: Lysosomes have an acidic pH of around 4.5 to 5.0, which is maintained by the action of proton pumps in the lysosomal membrane. This acidic environment is essential for the optimal activity of the hydrolytic enzymes.

3. Types of Hydrolytic Enzymes: Lysosomes contain a diverse array of hydrolytic enzymes, including proteases (to break down proteins), lipases (to break down lipids), carbohydrases (to break down carbohydrates), and nucleases (to break down nucleic acids).

4. Endocytosis and Autophagy: Lysosomes are involved in the degradation of extracellular material and intracellular components. During endocytosis, lysosomes fuse with endosomes to digest materials taken up from outside the cell. In autophagy, lysosomes fuse with autophagosomes to break down damaged organelles and proteins.

5. Recycling and Cellular Homeostasis: The hydrolytic enzymes in lysosomes play a crucial role in recycling cellular components. They break down old or damaged organelles, proteins, and other biomolecules into their constituent parts, which can then be reused by the cell for energy production or the synthesis of new molecules.

In conclusion, lysosomes are the organelles of mammalian cells that are rich in hydrolytic enzymes. These enzymes function within the acidic environment of lysosomes to break down various biomolecules, supporting cellular homeostasis and recycling.