1. Scalar has only the magnitude whereas vector has direction and magnitude.
2. Scalar quantity changes with the change in magnitude while Vector changes with magnitude and direction.
3. One scalar quantity can divide another scalar whereas
One vector cannot divide another vector.
4.In the example of speed, time, etc, the distance between the points is a scalar quantity, not the direction while Velocity could be an example because it is a measurement of the rate of change of an object’s position.

Scalar Quantity:

A scalar quantity is a physical quantity that is described only by its magnitude or size. It does not have any specific direction associated with it. Scalar quantities are completely defined by their numerical value and appropriate units. They can be added, subtracted, multiplied, or divided using ordinary arithmetic operations.

Examples of scalar quantities include mass, volume, time, temperature, speed, energy, and density.

Vector Quantity:

A vector quantity is a physical quantity that is described by both magnitude and direction. It represents a physical quantity that has both size and a specific direction. Vectors are often represented by arrows, where the length of the arrow represents the magnitude of the vector and the direction of the arrow represents the direction of the vector.

Examples of vector quantities include displacement, velocity, acceleration, force, momentum, and electric field.

Differences between Scalar and Vector Quantities:

1. Representation:
- Scalar quantities are represented by a single numerical value and appropriate units.
- Vector quantities are represented by both magnitude and direction, often using arrows.

2. Magnitude:
- Scalar quantities only have magnitude or size.
- Vector quantities have both magnitude and direction.

3. Operations:
- Scalar quantities can be added, subtracted, multiplied, or divided using ordinary arithmetic operations.
- Vector quantities can also be added, subtracted, multiplied, or divided, but these operations follow specific rules and require vector algebra.

4. Direction:
- Scalar quantities do not have any specific direction associated with them.
- Vector quantities have a specific direction associated with them.

5. Resultant:
- Scalar quantities can be combined by simple algebraic addition or subtraction.
- Vector quantities can be combined to find a resultant vector using vector addition or subtraction.

6. Representation in Equations:
- Scalar quantities are represented by normal algebraic equations.
- Vector quantities are represented by vector equations that include both magnitude and direction.

In conclusion, scalar quantities are described only by their magnitude, while vector quantities have both magnitude and direction. Scalar quantities can be manipulated using ordinary arithmetic operations, while vector quantities require vector algebra.