A gravity dam profile with height of the dam = 63m Free board = 3m U/S...
Gravity Dam Profile and Forces
The gravity dam profile has a height of 63m, with a freeboard of 3m, and a U/S slope of 0.2H: 1V. The height of the U/S inclined face is 20m, while the top width is 10m, and the total base width is 54m. The D/S slope is 0.8H: 1V, with a tailwater depth of 10m. The Kh is 0.1, and Kv is 0.05, with a wind velocity of 80Km/hr at the site. The expected depth of silt deposit is 10m, and the fetch distance of the reservoir from the dam site is 40m. The uplift drainage location is at the heel of the dam.
Stability Analysis
The stability analysis of the gravity dam involves calculating the forces acting on the structure to ensure that it can withstand the loads. These forces include:
1. Hydrostatic force: This force is the pressure exerted by the water on the dam. It is calculated using the formula Fh = 0.5ρgH^2, where ρ is the density of water, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and H is the height of the water.
2. Uplift pressure: This force is the pressure exerted on the base of the dam by the water below it. It is calculated using the formula Fu = KhρgH, where Kh is the coefficient of uplift pressure, ρ is the density of water, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and H is the depth of water below the dam.
3. Wind pressure: This force is the pressure exerted by the wind on the dam. It is calculated using the formula Fw = 0.6ρv^2, where ρ is the density of air, and v is the wind velocity.
4. Silt pressure: This force is the pressure exerted by the silt on the dam. It is calculated using the formula Fs = 0.5ρsV^2, where ρs is the density of silt, and V is the velocity of water.
The stability analysis involves ensuring that the forces acting on the dam do not exceed its capacity to withstand them. The location and direction of the forces should also be considered.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the gravity dam profile should be designed to withstand the forces acting on it, including hydrostatic force, uplift pressure, wind pressure, and silt pressure. The stability analysis involves calculating these forces and ensuring that they do not exceed the capacity of the dam to withstand them. The uplift drainage location should also be considered to prevent damage to the structure.
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