**Reforms introduced by Tsar Nicholas II after the Russian Revolution**

After the Russian Revolution of 1905, Tsar Nicholas II introduced a series of reforms in an attempt to address the grievances of the people and maintain his authority. These reforms were known as the October Manifesto and included several significant changes.

**1. Creation of the Duma:**
- The most significant reform introduced by Tsar Nicholas II was the creation of the Duma, Russia's first elected legislative body.
- The Duma was intended to give the people a voice in government and provide a platform for discussing and addressing their grievances.

**2. Freedom of speech and assembly:**
- The October Manifesto also guaranteed freedom of speech, press, and assembly.
- This reform allowed for the expression of diverse opinions and the organization of political parties and interest groups.

**3. Expansion of civil liberties:**
- The tsar's reforms also included granting civil liberties such as the right to form trade unions and the right to strike.
- These rights were intended to improve the working conditions and protect the interests of the working class.

**4. Land reform:**
- Another significant reform introduced by Tsar Nicholas II was the Stolypin land reform.
- This reform aimed to address the issue of land redistribution by allowing peasants to buy and own land.
- It was intended to increase agricultural productivity and improve the economic conditions of the peasantry.

**5. Improvement of living conditions:**
- The tsar also implemented measures to improve the living conditions of the working class, such as the introduction of housing and factory regulations.
- These reforms aimed to provide better working and living conditions for workers, addressing some of the grievances that had led to the revolution.

**6. Expansion of education:**
- Tsar Nicholas II also made efforts to expand education in Russia, particularly for the lower classes.
- This reform aimed to improve literacy rates and provide greater access to education, which was seen as a means of empowering the population and promoting social progress.

Despite these reforms, the changes introduced by Tsar Nicholas II were limited and failed to fully address the underlying issues that led to the Russian Revolution. The reforms were seen by many as insufficient and did not satisfy the demands of the various political groups and social classes. As a result, the revolutionary sentiment persisted, eventually leading to the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II in 1917 and the establishment of a socialist government in Russia.

A) The Tsar allowed the creation of an elected consultative parliament or Duma
B) Most of the trade unions and communities were declared illegal
C) Severe restrictions were imposed on various political activities.