Thermosetting Polymer: Bakelite
Thermosetting polymers are a type of polymer that undergo a chemical reaction when heated, resulting in a permanent change in their structure. Bakelite is a prime example of a thermosetting polymer.

Characteristics of Bakelite:
- Bakelite is a synthetic resin that was one of the first synthetic plastics ever produced.
- It is known for its high heat resistance, electrical insulation properties, and durability.
- Bakelite is often used in electrical insulators, automotive components, and kitchenware.

Formation of Bakelite:
- Bakelite is created through a process called condensation polymerization.
- Phenol and formaldehyde are the primary monomers used in the production of Bakelite.
- When heated, the monomers undergo a chemical reaction, forming strong cross-links between polymer chains.

Properties of Bakelite:
- Bakelite is hard and rigid, making it ideal for applications requiring durability.
- It is resistant to heat, chemicals, and electricity, making it a versatile material for various industries.
- Once formed, Bakelite cannot be remolded or reshaped, as it undergoes irreversible cross-linking.

Applications of Bakelite:
- Bakelite is commonly used in electrical switches, handles, knobs, and insulators.
- It is also used in the automotive industry for components that require heat resistance.
- Bakelite's durability and heat resistance make it a popular choice for various consumer goods and industrial applications.