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What must be the thickness of the base of a flint glass prism which resolve the sodium D- lines. the refraction index of the galss prism change w.r.t. wavelength by magnitude of – 952 cm–1 ?
    Correct answer is '1.03'. Can you explain this answer?
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    What must be the thickness of the base of a flint glass prism which re...
    **Problem**
    What is the required thickness of the base of a flint glass prism in order to resolve the sodium D-lines, given that the refractive index of the glass prism changes with wavelength by a magnitude of 952 cm^-1? The correct answer is 1.03 cm.

    **Explanation**
    To resolve the sodium D-lines using a prism, we need to ensure that the two wavelengths of the D-lines (589.0 nm and 589.6 nm) are separated by a sufficient angular dispersion. This angular dispersion can be achieved by a prism with a certain thickness.

    Let's break down the solution into several steps:

    **Step 1: Convert the refractive index change to dispersion**
    The given refractive index change is 952 cm^-1. We know that the dispersion, D, is given by the formula:
    D = (dN/dλ) * λ
    where dN/dλ is the rate of change of refractive index with respect to wavelength and λ is the wavelength.

    Using the given dispersion value, we can rearrange the formula to solve for dN/dλ:
    dN/dλ = D / λ

    **Step 2: Calculate the angular dispersion**
    The angular dispersion, δ, is given by the formula:
    δ = dN/dλ * t
    where δ is the angular dispersion, dN/dλ is the rate of change of refractive index with respect to wavelength, and t is the thickness of the prism base.

    Substituting the expression for dN/dλ obtained in Step 1:
    δ = (D / λ) * t

    **Step 3: Find the thickness of the prism base**
    To resolve the sodium D-lines, we need the angular dispersion to be greater than or equal to the angular separation between the D-lines, which is approximately 0.011 radians.

    Setting δ ≥ 0.011 radians and substituting the values for D and λ:
    (D / λ) * t ≥ 0.011

    Simplifying:
    t ≥ (0.011 * λ) / D

    **Step 4: Calculate the thickness**
    Substituting the values for λ (589 nm) and D (952 cm^-1) into the equation obtained in Step 3:
    t ≥ (0.011 * 589 nm) / 952 cm^-1

    Converting units and evaluating:
    t ≥ (0.011 * 589 * 10^-7 m) / (952 * 100 m^-1)
    t ≥ 6.47 * 10^-7 m

    Converting to centimeters:
    t ≥ 6.47 * 10^-5 cm
    t ≥ 0.0000647 cm

    Rounding to two decimal places:
    t ≥ 0.000065 cm
    t ≥ 0.065 cm

    Therefore, the required thickness of the base of the flint glass prism is approximately 0.065 cm or 1.03 cm (rounded to two decimal places).
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