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Analyse the passage below and answer the question that follow:It's taken me 60 years, but I had an epiphany recently: Everything, without exception, requires additional energy and order to maintain itself. I knew this in the abstract as the famous second Iaw of thermodynamics, which states that everything is falling apart slowly. This realization is not just the lament of a person getting older. Long ago I Iearnt that even the most inanimate things we know of–– stone, iron columns, copper pipes, gravel roads, a piece of paper––won't last very long without attention and fixing and the Ioan of additional order. Existence, it seems, is chiefly maintenance.What has surprised me recently is how unstable even the intangible is. Keeping a website or a software program afloat is like keeping a yacht afloat. It is a black hole for attention. I can understand why a mechanical device like a pump would break down after a while––moisture rusts metal, or the air oxidizes membranes, or lubricants evaporate, all of which require repair. But I wasn't thinking that the nonmaterial world of bits would also degrade.What's to break? Apparently everything.Brand-new computers will ossify Apps weaken with use. Code corrodes. Fresh software just released will immediately begin to fray. On their own-nothing you did.The more complex the gear, the more (not  less) attention it will require. The natural inclination toward change is inescapable, even for the most abstract entities we know of bits.And then there is the assault of the changing digital landscape. When evening around you is upgrading, this puts pressure on your digital system and necessitates maintenance. You may not want to upgrade, but you must because everyone else is. It’s an upgraded arms race.I used to upgrade my gear begrudgingly (why upgrade if it still works?) and at the last possible moment. You know how it goes: Upgrade this and suddenly you need to upgrade that, which triggers upgrades everywhere. I would put it off for years because I had the experiences of one "tiny" upgrade of a minor part disrupting my entire working life. But as our personal technology is becoming more complex, more co-dependents upon peripherals, more like a living ecosystem, delaying upgrading is even more disruptive. If you neglect ongoing minor upgrades, the change backs up so much that the eventual big upgrade reaches traumatic proportions. So I now see upgrading as a type of hygiene: You do it regularly to keep your tech healthy. Continual upgrades are so critical for technological systems that they are now automatic for the major personal computer operating systems and some software apps. Behind the scenes, the machines will upgrade themselves, slowly changing their features over time. This happens gradually, so we don't notice they are "becoming."We take this evolution as normal.Technological life in the future will be a series of endless upgrades. And the rate of graduations is accelerating.Features shift, defaults disappear, menus morph. I'll open up a software package I don't use every day expecting certain choices, and whole menus will have disappeared.No matter how long you have been using a tool, endless upgrades make you into a newbie––the new user often seen as clueless. In this era of "becoming," everyone becomes a newbie. Worse, we will be newbies forever. That should keep us humble. That bears repeating. All of us––every one of us––will be endless newbies in the future simply trying to keep up.Here's why: First, most of the important technologies that will dominate life 30 years from now have not yet been invented, so naturally you'll be a newbie to them. Second, because the new technology requires endless upgrades, you will remain in the newbie state. Third, because the cycle of obsolescence is accelerating (the average lifespan of a phone app is a mere 30 days!), you won't have time to master anything before it is displaced, so you will remain in the newbie mode forever. Endless Newbie is the new default for everyone, no matter your age or experience.The CEO of a technology company was thinking of the following policies.1. Lifetime employment2. Promotion based on seniority3. Hire new competent employees and fire old incompetent employees4. Regular training and retraining5. What we can't cure we must endure.Q. If a CEO were to consult the author of the passage, which of the above policies should the author recommend?a) 1 or 3b) 1 or 4c) 2 or 4d) 3 or 4e) 1, 3 and 4Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for CAT 2024 is part of CAT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the CAT exam syllabus. Information about Analyse the passage below and answer the question that follow:It's taken me 60 years, but I had an epiphany recently: Everything, without exception, requires additional energy and order to maintain itself. I knew this in the abstract as the famous second Iaw of thermodynamics, which states that everything is falling apart slowly. This realization is not just the lament of a person getting older. Long ago I Iearnt that even the most inanimate things we know of–– stone, iron columns, copper pipes, gravel roads, a piece of paper––won't last very long without attention and fixing and the Ioan of additional order. Existence, it seems, is chiefly maintenance.What has surprised me recently is how unstable even the intangible is. Keeping a website or a software program afloat is like keeping a yacht afloat. It is a black hole for attention. I can understand why a mechanical device like a pump would break down after a while––moisture rusts metal, or the air oxidizes membranes, or lubricants evaporate, all of which require repair. But I wasn't thinking that the nonmaterial world of bits would also degrade.What's to break? Apparently everything.Brand-new computers will ossify Apps weaken with use. Code corrodes. Fresh software just released will immediately begin to fray. On their own-nothing you did.The more complex the gear, the more (not  less) attention it will require. The natural inclination toward change is inescapable, even for the most abstract entities we know of bits.And then there is the assault of the changing digital landscape. When evening around you is upgrading, this puts pressure on your digital system and necessitates maintenance. You may not want to upgrade, but you must because everyone else is. It’s an upgraded arms race.I used to upgrade my gear begrudgingly (why upgrade if it still works?) and at the last possible moment. You know how it goes: Upgrade this and suddenly you need to upgrade that, which triggers upgrades everywhere. I would put it off for years because I had the experiences of one "tiny" upgrade of a minor part disrupting my entire working life. But as our personal technology is becoming more complex, more co-dependents upon peripherals, more like a living ecosystem, delaying upgrading is even more disruptive. If you neglect ongoing minor upgrades, the change backs up so much that the eventual big upgrade reaches traumatic proportions. So I now see upgrading as a type of hygiene: You do it regularly to keep your tech healthy. Continual upgrades are so critical for technological systems that they are now automatic for the major personal computer operating systems and some software apps. Behind the scenes, the machines will upgrade themselves, slowly changing their features over time. This happens gradually, so we don't notice they are "becoming."We take this evolution as normal.Technological life in the future will be a series of endless upgrades. And the rate of graduations is accelerating.Features shift, defaults disappear, menus morph. I'll open up a software package I don't use every day expecting certain choices, and whole menus will have disappeared.No matter how long you have been using a tool, endless upgrades make you into a newbie––the new user often seen as clueless. In this era of "becoming," everyone becomes a newbie. Worse, we will be newbies forever. That should keep us humble. That bears repeating. All of us––every one of us––will be endless newbies in the future simply trying to keep up.Here's why: First, most of the important technologies that will dominate life 30 years from now have not yet been invented, so naturally you'll be a newbie to them. Second, because the new technology requires endless upgrades, you will remain in the newbie state. Third, because the cycle of obsolescence is accelerating (the average lifespan of a phone app is a mere 30 days!), you won't have time to master anything before it is displaced, so you will remain in the newbie mode forever. Endless Newbie is the new default for everyone, no matter your age or experience.The CEO of a technology company was thinking of the following policies.1. Lifetime employment2. Promotion based on seniority3. Hire new competent employees and fire old incompetent employees4. Regular training and retraining5. What we can't cure we must endure.Q. If a CEO were to consult the author of the passage, which of the above policies should the author recommend?a) 1 or 3b) 1 or 4c) 2 or 4d) 3 or 4e) 1, 3 and 4Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for CAT 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Analyse the passage below and answer the question that follow:It's taken me 60 years, but I had an epiphany recently: Everything, without exception, requires additional energy and order to maintain itself. I knew this in the abstract as the famous second Iaw of thermodynamics, which states that everything is falling apart slowly. This realization is not just the lament of a person getting older. Long ago I Iearnt that even the most inanimate things we know of–– stone, iron columns, copper pipes, gravel roads, a piece of paper––won't last very long without attention and fixing and the Ioan of additional order. Existence, it seems, is chiefly maintenance.What has surprised me recently is how unstable even the intangible is. Keeping a website or a software program afloat is like keeping a yacht afloat. It is a black hole for attention. I can understand why a mechanical device like a pump would break down after a while––moisture rusts metal, or the air oxidizes membranes, or lubricants evaporate, all of which require repair. But I wasn't thinking that the nonmaterial world of bits would also degrade.What's to break? Apparently everything.Brand-new computers will ossify Apps weaken with use. Code corrodes. Fresh software just released will immediately begin to fray. On their own-nothing you did.The more complex the gear, the more (not  less) attention it will require. The natural inclination toward change is inescapable, even for the most abstract entities we know of bits.And then there is the assault of the changing digital landscape. When evening around you is upgrading, this puts pressure on your digital system and necessitates maintenance. You may not want to upgrade, but you must because everyone else is. It’s an upgraded arms race.I used to upgrade my gear begrudgingly (why upgrade if it still works?) and at the last possible moment. You know how it goes: Upgrade this and suddenly you need to upgrade that, which triggers upgrades everywhere. I would put it off for years because I had the experiences of one "tiny" upgrade of a minor part disrupting my entire working life. But as our personal technology is becoming more complex, more co-dependents upon peripherals, more like a living ecosystem, delaying upgrading is even more disruptive. If you neglect ongoing minor upgrades, the change backs up so much that the eventual big upgrade reaches traumatic proportions. So I now see upgrading as a type of hygiene: You do it regularly to keep your tech healthy. Continual upgrades are so critical for technological systems that they are now automatic for the major personal computer operating systems and some software apps. Behind the scenes, the machines will upgrade themselves, slowly changing their features over time. This happens gradually, so we don't notice they are "becoming."We take this evolution as normal.Technological life in the future will be a series of endless upgrades. And the rate of graduations is accelerating.Features shift, defaults disappear, menus morph. I'll open up a software package I don't use every day expecting certain choices, and whole menus will have disappeared.No matter how long you have been using a tool, endless upgrades make you into a newbie––the new user often seen as clueless. In this era of "becoming," everyone becomes a newbie. Worse, we will be newbies forever. That should keep us humble. That bears repeating. All of us––every one of us––will be endless newbies in the future simply trying to keep up.Here's why: First, most of the important technologies that will dominate life 30 years from now have not yet been invented, so naturally you'll be a newbie to them. Second, because the new technology requires endless upgrades, you will remain in the newbie state. Third, because the cycle of obsolescence is accelerating (the average lifespan of a phone app is a mere 30 days!), you won't have time to master anything before it is displaced, so you will remain in the newbie mode forever. Endless Newbie is the new default for everyone, no matter your age or experience.The CEO of a technology company was thinking of the following policies.1. Lifetime employment2. Promotion based on seniority3. Hire new competent employees and fire old incompetent employees4. Regular training and retraining5. What we can't cure we must endure.Q. If a CEO were to consult the author of the passage, which of the above policies should the author recommend?a) 1 or 3b) 1 or 4c) 2 or 4d) 3 or 4e) 1, 3 and 4Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.

Solutions for Analyse the passage below and answer the question that follow:It's taken me 60 years, but I had an epiphany recently: Everything, without exception, requires additional energy and order to maintain itself. I knew this in the abstract as the famous second Iaw of thermodynamics, which states that everything is falling apart slowly. This realization is not just the lament of a person getting older. Long ago I Iearnt that even the most inanimate things we know of–– stone, iron columns, copper pipes, gravel roads, a piece of paper––won't last very long without attention and fixing and the Ioan of additional order. Existence, it seems, is chiefly maintenance.What has surprised me recently is how unstable even the intangible is. Keeping a website or a software program afloat is like keeping a yacht afloat. It is a black hole for attention. I can understand why a mechanical device like a pump would break down after a while––moisture rusts metal, or the air oxidizes membranes, or lubricants evaporate, all of which require repair. But I wasn't thinking that the nonmaterial world of bits would also degrade.What's to break? Apparently everything.Brand-new computers will ossify Apps weaken with use. Code corrodes. Fresh software just released will immediately begin to fray. On their own-nothing you did.The more complex the gear, the more (not  less) attention it will require. The natural inclination toward change is inescapable, even for the most abstract entities we know of bits.And then there is the assault of the changing digital landscape. When evening around you is upgrading, this puts pressure on your digital system and necessitates maintenance. You may not want to upgrade, but you must because everyone else is. It’s an upgraded arms race.I used to upgrade my gear begrudgingly (why upgrade if it still works?) and at the last possible moment. You know how it goes: Upgrade this and suddenly you need to upgrade that, which triggers upgrades everywhere. I would put it off for years because I had the experiences of one "tiny" upgrade of a minor part disrupting my entire working life. But as our personal technology is becoming more complex, more co-dependents upon peripherals, more like a living ecosystem, delaying upgrading is even more disruptive. If you neglect ongoing minor upgrades, the change backs up so much that the eventual big upgrade reaches traumatic proportions. So I now see upgrading as a type of hygiene: You do it regularly to keep your tech healthy. Continual upgrades are so critical for technological systems that they are now automatic for the major personal computer operating systems and some software apps. Behind the scenes, the machines will upgrade themselves, slowly changing their features over time. This happens gradually, so we don't notice they are "becoming."We take this evolution as normal.Technological life in the future will be a series of endless upgrades. And the rate of graduations is accelerating.Features shift, defaults disappear, menus morph. I'll open up a software package I don't use every day expecting certain choices, and whole menus will have disappeared.No matter how long you have been using a tool, endless upgrades make you into a newbie––the new user often seen as clueless. In this era of "becoming," everyone becomes a newbie. Worse, we will be newbies forever. That should keep us humble. That bears repeating. All of us––every one of us––will be endless newbies in the future simply trying to keep up.Here's why: First, most of the important technologies that will dominate life 30 years from now have not yet been invented, so naturally you'll be a newbie to them. Second, because the new technology requires endless upgrades, you will remain in the newbie state. Third, because the cycle of obsolescence is accelerating (the average lifespan of a phone app is a mere 30 days!), you won't have time to master anything before it is displaced, so you will remain in the newbie mode forever. Endless Newbie is the new default for everyone, no matter your age or experience.The CEO of a technology company was thinking of the following policies.1. Lifetime employment2. Promotion based on seniority3. Hire new competent employees and fire old incompetent employees4. Regular training and retraining5. What we can't cure we must endure.Q. If a CEO were to consult the author of the passage, which of the above policies should the author recommend?a) 1 or 3b) 1 or 4c) 2 or 4d) 3 or 4e) 1, 3 and 4Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for CAT. Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for CAT Exam by signing up for free.

Here you can find the meaning of Analyse the passage below and answer the question that follow:It's taken me 60 years, but I had an epiphany recently: Everything, without exception, requires additional energy and order to maintain itself. I knew this in the abstract as the famous second Iaw of thermodynamics, which states that everything is falling apart slowly. This realization is not just the lament of a person getting older. Long ago I Iearnt that even the most inanimate things we know of–– stone, iron columns, copper pipes, gravel roads, a piece of paper––won't last very long without attention and fixing and the Ioan of additional order. Existence, it seems, is chiefly maintenance.What has surprised me recently is how unstable even the intangible is. Keeping a website or a software program afloat is like keeping a yacht afloat. It is a black hole for attention. I can understand why a mechanical device like a pump would break down after a while––moisture rusts metal, or the air oxidizes membranes, or lubricants evaporate, all of which require repair. But I wasn't thinking that the nonmaterial world of bits would also degrade.What's to break? Apparently everything.Brand-new computers will ossify Apps weaken with use. Code corrodes. Fresh software just released will immediately begin to fray. On their own-nothing you did.The more complex the gear, the more (not  less) attention it will require. The natural inclination toward change is inescapable, even for the most abstract entities we know of bits.And then there is the assault of the changing digital landscape. When evening around you is upgrading, this puts pressure on your digital system and necessitates maintenance. You may not want to upgrade, but you must because everyone else is. It’s an upgraded arms race.I used to upgrade my gear begrudgingly (why upgrade if it still works?) and at the last possible moment. You know how it goes: Upgrade this and suddenly you need to upgrade that, which triggers upgrades everywhere. I would put it off for years because I had the experiences of one "tiny" upgrade of a minor part disrupting my entire working life. But as our personal technology is becoming more complex, more co-dependents upon peripherals, more like a living ecosystem, delaying upgrading is even more disruptive. If you neglect ongoing minor upgrades, the change backs up so much that the eventual big upgrade reaches traumatic proportions. So I now see upgrading as a type of hygiene: You do it regularly to keep your tech healthy. Continual upgrades are so critical for technological systems that they are now automatic for the major personal computer operating systems and some software apps. Behind the scenes, the machines will upgrade themselves, slowly changing their features over time. This happens gradually, so we don't notice they are "becoming."We take this evolution as normal.Technological life in the future will be a series of endless upgrades. And the rate of graduations is accelerating.Features shift, defaults disappear, menus morph. I'll open up a software package I don't use every day expecting certain choices, and whole menus will have disappeared.No matter how long you have been using a tool, endless upgrades make you into a newbie––the new user often seen as clueless. In this era of "becoming," everyone becomes a newbie. Worse, we will be newbies forever. That should keep us humble. That bears repeating. All of us––every one of us––will be endless newbies in the future simply trying to keep up.Here's why: First, most of the important technologies that will dominate life 30 years from now have not yet been invented, so naturally you'll be a newbie to them. Second, because the new technology requires endless upgrades, you will remain in the newbie state. Third, because the cycle of obsolescence is accelerating (the average lifespan of a phone app is a mere 30 days!), you won't have time to master anything before it is displaced, so you will remain in the newbie mode forever. Endless Newbie is the new default for everyone, no matter your age or experience.The CEO of a technology company was thinking of the following policies.1. Lifetime employment2. Promotion based on seniority3. Hire new competent employees and fire old incompetent employees4. Regular training and retraining5. What we can't cure we must endure.Q. If a CEO were to consult the author of the passage, which of the above policies should the author recommend?a) 1 or 3b) 1 or 4c) 2 or 4d) 3 or 4e) 1, 3 and 4Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving the explanation of Analyse the passage below and answer the question that follow:It's taken me 60 years, but I had an epiphany recently: Everything, without exception, requires additional energy and order to maintain itself. I knew this in the abstract as the famous second Iaw of thermodynamics, which states that everything is falling apart slowly. This realization is not just the lament of a person getting older. Long ago I Iearnt that even the most inanimate things we know of–– stone, iron columns, copper pipes, gravel roads, a piece of paper––won't last very long without attention and fixing and the Ioan of additional order. Existence, it seems, is chiefly maintenance.What has surprised me recently is how unstable even the intangible is. Keeping a website or a software program afloat is like keeping a yacht afloat. It is a black hole for attention. I can understand why a mechanical device like a pump would break down after a while––moisture rusts metal, or the air oxidizes membranes, or lubricants evaporate, all of which require repair. But I wasn't thinking that the nonmaterial world of bits would also degrade.What's to break? Apparently everything.Brand-new computers will ossify Apps weaken with use. Code corrodes. Fresh software just released will immediately begin to fray. On their own-nothing you did.The more complex the gear, the more (not  less) attention it will require. The natural inclination toward change is inescapable, even for the most abstract entities we know of bits.And then there is the assault of the changing digital landscape. When evening around you is upgrading, this puts pressure on your digital system and necessitates maintenance. You may not want to upgrade, but you must because everyone else is. It’s an upgraded arms race.I used to upgrade my gear begrudgingly (why upgrade if it still works?) and at the last possible moment. You know how it goes: Upgrade this and suddenly you need to upgrade that, which triggers upgrades everywhere. I would put it off for years because I had the experiences of one "tiny" upgrade of a minor part disrupting my entire working life. But as our personal technology is becoming more complex, more co-dependents upon peripherals, more like a living ecosystem, delaying upgrading is even more disruptive. If you neglect ongoing minor upgrades, the change backs up so much that the eventual big upgrade reaches traumatic proportions. So I now see upgrading as a type of hygiene: You do it regularly to keep your tech healthy. Continual upgrades are so critical for technological systems that they are now automatic for the major personal computer operating systems and some software apps. Behind the scenes, the machines will upgrade themselves, slowly changing their features over time. This happens gradually, so we don't notice they are "becoming."We take this evolution as normal.Technological life in the future will be a series of endless upgrades. And the rate of graduations is accelerating.Features shift, defaults disappear, menus morph. I'll open up a software package I don't use every day expecting certain choices, and whole menus will have disappeared.No matter how long you have been using a tool, endless upgrades make you into a newbie––the new user often seen as clueless. In this era of "becoming," everyone becomes a newbie. Worse, we will be newbies forever. That should keep us humble. That bears repeating. All of us––every one of us––will be endless newbies in the future simply trying to keep up.Here's why: First, most of the important technologies that will dominate life 30 years from now have not yet been invented, so naturally you'll be a newbie to them. Second, because the new technology requires endless upgrades, you will remain in the newbie state. Third, because the cycle of obsolescence is accelerating (the average lifespan of a phone app is a mere 30 days!), you won't have time to master anything before it is displaced, so you will remain in the newbie mode forever. Endless Newbie is the new default for everyone, no matter your age or experience.The CEO of a technology company was thinking of the following policies.1. Lifetime employment2. Promotion based on seniority3. Hire new competent employees and fire old incompetent employees4. Regular training and retraining5. What we can't cure we must endure.Q. If a CEO were to consult the author of the passage, which of the above policies should the author recommend?a) 1 or 3b) 1 or 4c) 2 or 4d) 3 or 4e) 1, 3 and 4Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?, a detailed solution for Analyse the passage below and answer the question that follow:It's taken me 60 years, but I had an epiphany recently: Everything, without exception, requires additional energy and order to maintain itself. I knew this in the abstract as the famous second Iaw of thermodynamics, which states that everything is falling apart slowly. This realization is not just the lament of a person getting older. Long ago I Iearnt that even the most inanimate things we know of–– stone, iron columns, copper pipes, gravel roads, a piece of paper––won't last very long without attention and fixing and the Ioan of additional order. Existence, it seems, is chiefly maintenance.What has surprised me recently is how unstable even the intangible is. Keeping a website or a software program afloat is like keeping a yacht afloat. It is a black hole for attention. I can understand why a mechanical device like a pump would break down after a while––moisture rusts metal, or the air oxidizes membranes, or lubricants evaporate, all of which require repair. But I wasn't thinking that the nonmaterial world of bits would also degrade.What's to break? Apparently everything.Brand-new computers will ossify Apps weaken with use. Code corrodes. Fresh software just released will immediately begin to fray. On their own-nothing you did.The more complex the gear, the more (not  less) attention it will require. The natural inclination toward change is inescapable, even for the most abstract entities we know of bits.And then there is the assault of the changing digital landscape. When evening around you is upgrading, this puts pressure on your digital system and necessitates maintenance. You may not want to upgrade, but you must because everyone else is. It’s an upgraded arms race.I used to upgrade my gear begrudgingly (why upgrade if it still works?) and at the last possible moment. You know how it goes: Upgrade this and suddenly you need to upgrade that, which triggers upgrades everywhere. I would put it off for years because I had the experiences of one "tiny" upgrade of a minor part disrupting my entire working life. But as our personal technology is becoming more complex, more co-dependents upon peripherals, more like a living ecosystem, delaying upgrading is even more disruptive. If you neglect ongoing minor upgrades, the change backs up so much that the eventual big upgrade reaches traumatic proportions. So I now see upgrading as a type of hygiene: You do it regularly to keep your tech healthy. Continual upgrades are so critical for technological systems that they are now automatic for the major personal computer operating systems and some software apps. Behind the scenes, the machines will upgrade themselves, slowly changing their features over time. This happens gradually, so we don't notice they are "becoming."We take this evolution as normal.Technological life in the future will be a series of endless upgrades. And the rate of graduations is accelerating.Features shift, defaults disappear, menus morph. I'll open up a software package I don't use every day expecting certain choices, and whole menus will have disappeared.No matter how long you have been using a tool, endless upgrades make you into a newbie––the new user often seen as clueless. In this era of "becoming," everyone becomes a newbie. Worse, we will be newbies forever. That should keep us humble. That bears repeating. All of us––every one of us––will be endless newbies in the future simply trying to keep up.Here's why: First, most of the important technologies that will dominate life 30 years from now have not yet been invented, so naturally you'll be a newbie to them. Second, because the new technology requires endless upgrades, you will remain in the newbie state. Third, because the cycle of obsolescence is accelerating (the average lifespan of a phone app is a mere 30 days!), you won't have time to master anything before it is displaced, so you will remain in the newbie mode forever. Endless Newbie is the new default for everyone, no matter your age or experience.The CEO of a technology company was thinking of the following policies.1. Lifetime employment2. Promotion based on seniority3. Hire new competent employees and fire old incompetent employees4. Regular training and retraining5. What we can't cure we must endure.Q. If a CEO were to consult the author of the passage, which of the above policies should the author recommend?a) 1 or 3b) 1 or 4c) 2 or 4d) 3 or 4e) 1, 3 and 4Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? has been provided alongside types of Analyse the passage below and answer the question that follow:It's taken me 60 years, but I had an epiphany recently: Everything, without exception, requires additional energy and order to maintain itself. I knew this in the abstract as the famous second Iaw of thermodynamics, which states that everything is falling apart slowly. This realization is not just the lament of a person getting older. Long ago I Iearnt that even the most inanimate things we know of–– stone, iron columns, copper pipes, gravel roads, a piece of paper––won't last very long without attention and fixing and the Ioan of additional order. Existence, it seems, is chiefly maintenance.What has surprised me recently is how unstable even the intangible is. Keeping a website or a software program afloat is like keeping a yacht afloat. It is a black hole for attention. I can understand why a mechanical device like a pump would break down after a while––moisture rusts metal, or the air oxidizes membranes, or lubricants evaporate, all of which require repair. But I wasn't thinking that the nonmaterial world of bits would also degrade.What's to break? Apparently everything.Brand-new computers will ossify Apps weaken with use. Code corrodes. Fresh software just released will immediately begin to fray. On their own-nothing you did.The more complex the gear, the more (not  less) attention it will require. The natural inclination toward change is inescapable, even for the most abstract entities we know of bits.And then there is the assault of the changing digital landscape. When evening around you is upgrading, this puts pressure on your digital system and necessitates maintenance. You may not want to upgrade, but you must because everyone else is. It’s an upgraded arms race.I used to upgrade my gear begrudgingly (why upgrade if it still works?) and at the last possible moment. You know how it goes: Upgrade this and suddenly you need to upgrade that, which triggers upgrades everywhere. I would put it off for years because I had the experiences of one "tiny" upgrade of a minor part disrupting my entire working life. But as our personal technology is becoming more complex, more co-dependents upon peripherals, more like a living ecosystem, delaying upgrading is even more disruptive. If you neglect ongoing minor upgrades, the change backs up so much that the eventual big upgrade reaches traumatic proportions. So I now see upgrading as a type of hygiene: You do it regularly to keep your tech healthy. Continual upgrades are so critical for technological systems that they are now automatic for the major personal computer operating systems and some software apps. Behind the scenes, the machines will upgrade themselves, slowly changing their features over time. This happens gradually, so we don't notice they are "becoming."We take this evolution as normal.Technological life in the future will be a series of endless upgrades. And the rate of graduations is accelerating.Features shift, defaults disappear, menus morph. I'll open up a software package I don't use every day expecting certain choices, and whole menus will have disappeared.No matter how long you have been using a tool, endless upgrades make you into a newbie––the new user often seen as clueless. In this era of "becoming," everyone becomes a newbie. Worse, we will be newbies forever. That should keep us humble. That bears repeating. All of us––every one of us––will be endless newbies in the future simply trying to keep up.Here's why: First, most of the important technologies that will dominate life 30 years from now have not yet been invented, so naturally you'll be a newbie to them. Second, because the new technology requires endless upgrades, you will remain in the newbie state. Third, because the cycle of obsolescence is accelerating (the average lifespan of a phone app is a mere 30 days!), you won't have time to master anything before it is displaced, so you will remain in the newbie mode forever. Endless Newbie is the new default for everyone, no matter your age or experience.The CEO of a technology company was thinking of the following policies.1. Lifetime employment2. Promotion based on seniority3. Hire new competent employees and fire old incompetent employees4. Regular training and retraining5. What we can't cure we must endure.Q. If a CEO were to consult the author of the passage, which of the above policies should the author recommend?a) 1 or 3b) 1 or 4c) 2 or 4d) 3 or 4e) 1, 3 and 4Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? theory, EduRev gives you an ample number of questions to practice Analyse the passage below and answer the question that follow:It's taken me 60 years, but I had an epiphany recently: Everything, without exception, requires additional energy and order to maintain itself. I knew this in the abstract as the famous second Iaw of thermodynamics, which states that everything is falling apart slowly. This realization is not just the lament of a person getting older. Long ago I Iearnt that even the most inanimate things we know of–– stone, iron columns, copper pipes, gravel roads, a piece of paper––won't last very long without attention and fixing and the Ioan of additional order. Existence, it seems, is chiefly maintenance.What has surprised me recently is how unstable even the intangible is. Keeping a website or a software program afloat is like keeping a yacht afloat. It is a black hole for attention. I can understand why a mechanical device like a pump would break down after a while––moisture rusts metal, or the air oxidizes membranes, or lubricants evaporate, all of which require repair. But I wasn't thinking that the nonmaterial world of bits would also degrade.What's to break? Apparently everything.Brand-new computers will ossify Apps weaken with use. Code corrodes. Fresh software just released will immediately begin to fray. On their own-nothing you did.The more complex the gear, the more (not  less) attention it will require. The natural inclination toward change is inescapable, even for the most abstract entities we know of bits.And then there is the assault of the changing digital landscape. When evening around you is upgrading, this puts pressure on your digital system and necessitates maintenance. You may not want to upgrade, but you must because everyone else is. It’s an upgraded arms race.I used to upgrade my gear begrudgingly (why upgrade if it still works?) and at the last possible moment. You know how it goes: Upgrade this and suddenly you need to upgrade that, which triggers upgrades everywhere. I would put it off for years because I had the experiences of one "tiny" upgrade of a minor part disrupting my entire working life. But as our personal technology is becoming more complex, more co-dependents upon peripherals, more like a living ecosystem, delaying upgrading is even more disruptive. If you neglect ongoing minor upgrades, the change backs up so much that the eventual big upgrade reaches traumatic proportions. So I now see upgrading as a type of hygiene: You do it regularly to keep your tech healthy. Continual upgrades are so critical for technological systems that they are now automatic for the major personal computer operating systems and some software apps. Behind the scenes, the machines will upgrade themselves, slowly changing their features over time. This happens gradually, so we don't notice they are "becoming."We take this evolution as normal.Technological life in the future will be a series of endless upgrades. And the rate of graduations is accelerating.Features shift, defaults disappear, menus morph. I'll open up a software package I don't use every day expecting certain choices, and whole menus will have disappeared.No matter how long you have been using a tool, endless upgrades make you into a newbie––the new user often seen as clueless. In this era of "becoming," everyone becomes a newbie. Worse, we will be newbies forever. That should keep us humble. That bears repeating. All of us––every one of us––will be endless newbies in the future simply trying to keep up.Here's why: First, most of the important technologies that will dominate life 30 years from now have not yet been invented, so naturally you'll be a newbie to them. Second, because the new technology requires endless upgrades, you will remain in the newbie state. Third, because the cycle of obsolescence is accelerating (the average lifespan of a phone app is a mere 30 days!), you won't have time to master anything before it is displaced, so you will remain in the newbie mode forever. Endless Newbie is the new default for everyone, no matter your age or experience.The CEO of a technology company was thinking of the following policies.1. Lifetime employment2. Promotion based on seniority3. Hire new competent employees and fire old incompetent employees4. Regular training and retraining5. What we can't cure we must endure.Q. If a CEO were to consult the author of the passage, which of the above policies should the author recommend?a) 1 or 3b) 1 or 4c) 2 or 4d) 3 or 4e) 1, 3 and 4Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice CAT tests.