The permissible use of the technique amniocentesis is for[2010]a)Detecting sex of the unborn foetusb)Artificial inseminationc)Transfer of embryo into the uterus of the surrogate motherd)Detecting any genetic abnormalityCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

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Amniocentesis involves prenatal diagnosis of metabolic error and other genetic abnormalities.

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Amniocentesis involves prenatal diagnosis of metabolic error and other genetic abnormalities.

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Amniocentesis involves prenatal diagnosis of metabolic error and other genetic abnormalities.

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Amniocentesis is a medical procedure that involves the extraction of a small amount of amniotic fluid from the amniotic sac surrounding the fetus. This procedure is usually performed during the second trimester of pregnancy, typically between the 15th and 20th week. The extracted fluid contains fetal cells and various biochemical substances that can be examined to determine certain genetic or chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus.

The permissible use of the technique amniocentesis is to detect any genetic abnormality in the unborn fetus. This means that it is primarily used to identify any potential genetic disorders or chromosomal abnormalities that the fetus may have. Some of the conditions that can be detected through amniocentesis include Down syndrome, cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, and neural tube defects.

It is important to note that amniocentesis is an invasive procedure and carries a small risk of complications such as infection or injury to the fetus. Therefore, it is typically offered to women who have an increased risk of having a baby with a genetic disorder, based on factors such as maternal age, family history, or abnormal prenatal screening results.

Amniocentesis involves the following steps:

1. Preparing for the procedure: The mother's abdomen is cleaned and a local anesthetic may be administered to numb the area.

2. Guiding the needle: Using ultrasound guidance, a thin needle is inserted through the mother's abdominal wall and into the amniotic sac.

3. Extracting the amniotic fluid: A small amount of amniotic fluid, usually around 20 milliliters, is withdrawn through the needle.

4. Laboratory analysis: The extracted fluid is sent to a laboratory for analysis. The fetal cells in the fluid can be examined for chromosomal abnormalities, and biochemical substances can be measured to assess the risk of certain genetic conditions.

5. Results and counseling: Once the laboratory analysis is complete, the results are communicated to the parents. Genetic counselors are often involved to help interpret the results and provide guidance on the next steps.

By detecting any genetic abnormality in the unborn fetus, amniocentesis allows parents to make informed decisions about their pregnancy. This knowledge can help them prepare emotionally and medically for the potential challenges that may arise with a child who has a genetic disorder. In some cases, it may also allow parents to consider options such as early intervention or specialized medical care for the baby after birth.

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