Opposite charges attract each other:
Yes, it is true that opposite charges attract each other. Electrons carry a negative charge, while protons carry a positive charge. According to the laws of electromagnetism, these opposite charges should attract each other.

Electrons and protons in an atom:
In an atom, electrons orbit around the nucleus, which is made up of protons and neutrons. The protons are positively charged and located in the nucleus, while the electrons are negatively charged and move around the nucleus in specific energy levels or orbitals.

Electron movement and stability:
To understand why electrons do not fall into the nucleus, we need to consider the concept of electron movement and stability. According to quantum mechanics, electrons occupy specific energy levels or orbitals around the nucleus, and these levels have different energy states. The electrons occupy the lowest available energy levels first before filling higher levels.

Electron energy levels and stability:
The energy levels of electrons are quantized, meaning they can only exist in specific energy states. These energy levels are often represented by electron shells or orbitals, with each shell having a maximum number of electrons it can hold. The innermost shell can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, the second shell can hold up to 8, and so on.

Electron cloud and probability density:
Instead of following a precise circular path like the planets around the sun, electrons exist in an electron cloud or probability density distribution. This cloud represents the probability of finding an electron in a particular region around the nucleus. The electron cloud is denser near the nucleus and becomes less dense as it moves away.

Electron-electron repulsion:
Electrons are negatively charged and repel each other due to their like charges. This repulsion creates a balance against the attractive force between electrons and protons. As a result, electrons do not fall into the nucleus but remain in their respective energy levels, maintaining a stable configuration.

Quantum mechanical principles:
The behavior of electrons is governed by quantum mechanical principles, where they exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties. The concept of electron orbitals and the probabilistic nature of electron distribution in the atom arise from these principles. The stability of electrons in their energy levels is a consequence of quantum mechanics.

Conclusion:
In summary, while opposite charges attract each other, the behavior of electrons in an atom is governed by quantum mechanical principles. The existence of specific energy levels, electron-electron repulsion, and the probabilistic nature of electron distribution in the electron cloud contribute to the stability of electrons and prevent them from falling into the nucleus.

As we know in a atom the number of electron and proton are always same and they balance with each other that's why they don't attract.