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Consider the following statements:
1. It is the second law of thermodynamics which provides criterion as to the probability of various processes.
2. Heat and work are completely interchangeable forms of energy.
3. Work is high grade energy.
4. The complete conversion of low grade energy into high grade energy in a cycle is impossible.
Which of the above statements are correct
  • a)
    1,2 and 3
  • b)
    1,3 and 4
  • c)
    2, 3 and 4
  • d)
    all of the above
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Most Upvoted Answer
Consider the following statements:1. It is the second law of thermodyn...
Second Law of Thermodynamics and Probability Criterion
- Second law of thermodynamics provides the criterion for the probability of various processes
- This law states that in a closed system, the entropy of the system will always increase or remain constant
- Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness of a system
- Therefore, processes that increase the entropy of the system are more probable than those that decrease it

Heat and Work Interchangeability
- Heat and work are not completely interchangeable forms of energy
- Heat is a form of energy that is transferred due to a temperature difference
- Work is a form of energy that is transferred due to a force acting over a distance
- The conversion of heat into work is possible through a heat engine, but not all heat can be converted into work due to the second law of thermodynamics

Work as High Grade Energy
- Work is considered high grade energy because it can be used to perform useful tasks
- It can be converted into other forms of energy, such as electrical energy or mechanical energy, which can be used to power machines or devices

Conversion of Low Grade Energy into High Grade Energy
- The complete conversion of low grade energy into high grade energy in a cycle is impossible due to the second law of thermodynamics
- Low grade energy, such as waste heat or ambient heat, has a high entropy and cannot be completely converted into high grade energy without increasing the entropy of the system
- Therefore, energy conversion processes always result in some loss of energy and an increase in the entropy of the system
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Consider the following statements:1. It is the second law of thermodynamics which provides criterion as to the probability of various processes.2. Heat and work are completely interchangeable forms of energy.3. Work is high grade energy.4. The complete conversion of low grade energy into high grade energy in a cycle is impossible.Which of the above statements are correcta)1,2 and 3b)1,3 and 4c)2, 3 and 4d)all of the aboveCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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