Mitochondria are known as the “powerhouse of the cell.” The organelle is responsible for the production of energy in a cell is mitochondria. This is the most vital part of the cell as it takes the food and makes energy for the other parts of the cell.

The Mitochondria - The Powerhouse of the Cell

The mitochondria is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells that is known as the powerhouse of the cell. It is responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) through a process called cellular respiration.

Structure of Mitochondria

The mitochondria has a double membrane structure, the outer membrane and the inner membrane. The outer membrane is smooth while the inner membrane is highly folded, forming structures called cristae. The space between the two membranes is called the intermembrane space and the space inside the inner membrane is called the matrix.

Function of Mitochondria

The function of mitochondria is to produce energy in the form of ATP. This process is known as cellular respiration and occurs in three stages:

1. Glycolysis - This occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and involves the breakdown of glucose into pyruvate.

2. Krebs Cycle - This occurs in the matrix of the mitochondria and involves the breakdown of pyruvate into carbon dioxide.

3. Electron Transport Chain - This occurs in the inner membrane of the mitochondria and involves the transfer of electrons from one molecule to another, ultimately producing ATP.

The process of cellular respiration is essential for the survival of eukaryotic cells, as it provides the energy needed for various cellular processes such as protein synthesis, cell division, and muscle contraction.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the mitochondria is known as the powerhouse of the cell due to its role in producing energy in the form of ATP through the process of cellular respiration. Its unique double membrane structure and location within the cell make it an essential organelle for the survival of eukaryotic cells.