An arbitrarily shaped conductor encloses a charge q and is surrounded by a conducting hollow sphere as shown in the figure. Four different regions of space 1,2,3 and 4 are indicated in the q figure. Which one of the following statements is correct?

Question

Answer

Explanation:

Region 1: This region lies inside the conductor, so the electric field is zero inside the conductor. Therefore, the charge q is entirely distributed over the outer surface of the conductor.

Region 2: This region lies between the conductor and the conducting sphere. Since the conducting sphere is grounded, the potential inside the sphere is zero. Therefore, the electric field in this region is perpendicular to the surface of the conductor and the conducting sphere.

Region 3: This region lies outside the conducting sphere but still inside the conductor. Since the electric field inside the conductor is zero, the electric field in this region is also zero.

Region 4: This region lies outside the conductor and the conducting sphere. The conducting sphere shields the electric field due to the charge q inside the conductor. Therefore, the electric field in this region is also zero.

Correct Statement: The electric field is zero inside the conductor and outside the conducting sphere. The charge q is entirely distributed over the outer surface of the conductor. The potential inside the conducting sphere is zero due to grounding.

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