Discuss five main features of the Indian Economy during British rule. ...
During the period of British rule in India, the Indian economy underwent significant changes and developments.
Some of the main features of the Indian economy during this time were:
- Agricultural economy: India's economy was primarily agricultural, with more than 70% of the population engaged in farming and related activities. The main crops grown included rice, wheat, maize, cotton, and sugarcane.
- Industrialization: There was limited industrialization in India during British rule, with most of the industries being concentrated in the urban areas. The main industries included textiles, jute, iron and steel, and coal mining.
- Trade: India was a major exporter of agricultural products, including cotton, opium, and tea, to other countries. At the same time, India imported manufactured goods from Britain and other countries.
- Infrastructure: The British developed a network of roads, railways, and ports in India, which facilitated trade and transportation within the country.
- Land revenue system: The British introduced a land revenue system in India, which involved the assessment and collection of taxes on agricultural land. This system contributed to the exploitation of farmers and the concentration of wealth in the hands of a few.