An Arithmetic Progression (AP) is a sequence of numbers in which the difference between any two consecutive terms is constant. This constant difference is known as the common difference. In an AP, each term is obtained by adding the common difference to the preceding term.


The general form of an arithmetic progression is given by:
\[a, a + d, a + 2d, a + 3d, \ldots\]

where:
- \(a\) is the first term of the progression
- \(d\) is the common difference between the terms


- The nth term of an AP is given by: \(a_n = a + (n-1)d\)
- The sum of the first \(n\) terms of an AP is given by: \(S_n = \frac{n}{2}(2a + (n-1)d)\)
- The nth term from the end of an AP is given by: \(a_{m-n+1} = a_m - (n-1)d\)


Consider an AP with the first term \(a = 3\) and common difference \(d = 2\). The sequence would be:
\[3, 5, 7, 9, 11, \ldots\]

In this example, the common difference between any two consecutive terms is 2, making it an arithmetic progression.