Assertion (A): Educated society has direct and indirect advantages.
Reason (R): Educated and healthier people gain higher incomes.

Explanation:
An educated society refers to a community or population where the majority of individuals have received formal education and possess knowledge and skills in various fields. Such a society has numerous advantages, both direct and indirect, which contribute to its overall development and progress.

Direct Advantages of an Educated Society:
1. Economic Growth: Education plays a crucial role in promoting economic growth and development. Educated individuals are more likely to secure better job opportunities and earn higher incomes. This leads to increased consumer spending, investment, and overall economic productivity.

2. Reduced Poverty: Education is a powerful tool to alleviate poverty. It equips individuals with the knowledge and skills needed to escape the cycle of poverty and improve their living conditions. With education, people gain access to better job prospects, enabling them to support themselves and their families.

3. Improved Health and Well-being: Education is closely linked to better health outcomes. Educated individuals are more likely to adopt healthy behaviors and make informed decisions about their well-being. They have a greater understanding of healthcare practices, leading to improved personal and community health.

4. Empowerment and Social Mobility: Education empowers individuals and promotes social mobility. It provides the necessary skills, knowledge, and confidence to actively participate in society, engage in civic activities, and contribute to community development.

Indirect Advantages of an Educated Society:
1. Reduced Crime Rates: Research has shown that higher levels of education are associated with lower crime rates. Education promotes critical thinking, problem-solving, and decision-making skills, reducing the likelihood of individuals engaging in criminal activities.

2. Enhanced Democratic Values: Education fosters democratic values such as tolerance, respect for diversity, and the ability to critically analyze information. An educated society is more likely to uphold democratic principles and participate in the democratic process.

3. Technological Advancements: Education is a key driver of technological advancements and innovation. Educated individuals have the skills to develop new technologies, improve existing systems, and contribute to scientific research and development.

Explanation of Reason (R):
The reason stated in the question is that educated and healthier people gain higher incomes. This reason supports the assertion that an educated society has direct and indirect advantages. When individuals receive education, they acquire knowledge and skills that enhance their employability and enable them to secure higher-paying jobs. Additionally, education is often associated with improved health outcomes, as educated individuals have a better understanding of healthcare practices and are more likely to adopt healthy behaviors. As a result, educated and healthier individuals tend to have higher incomes compared to those who are less educated and have poorer health.

Conclusion:
Both the assertion and the reason are true, and the reason provides a correct explanation for the assertion. Education brings various direct and indirect advantages to society, including economic growth, reduced poverty, improved health, empowerment, reduced crime rates, enhanced democratic values, and technological advancements. The link between education, health, and higher incomes supports the idea that an educated society has direct and indirect advantages.