Direction: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) i...
Epithelial tissue forms a continuous layer over the free surfaces of many other tissues. Consequently, it covers the external surface of the animal body and the internal (luminal) surfaces of visceral organs, body cavities and blood vessels. Thus, it protects the underlying and overlying tissues. Another important function of epithelial tissue is exchange of materials.
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Direction: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) i...
Assertion: Epithelial tissues are covering or protective tissues.
Reason: Materials are exchanged at the surface across the epithelial tissues.
The correct answer for this question is option B, which states that both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion. Let's explain this in detail:
Epithelial tissues as covering or protective tissues:
- Epithelial tissues are one of the four main types of tissues in the human body. They are specialized tissues that cover the surfaces of organs, line body cavities, and form glands.
- The primary function of epithelial tissues is protection. They provide a protective barrier against physical, chemical, and biological agents, preventing injury and infection.
- Epithelial tissues are found in various locations throughout the body, such as the skin, lining of the respiratory tract, digestive tract, urinary tract, and blood vessels.
Materials exchanged across epithelial tissues:
- Epithelial tissues are involved in the exchange of materials between the internal and external environments of the body.
- They play a crucial role in absorption, secretion, and diffusion of substances across their surfaces.
- For example, in the digestive system, epithelial tissues lining the small intestine are responsible for the absorption of nutrients from digested food into the bloodstream.
- In the respiratory system, epithelial tissues in the lungs facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and blood.
Explanation:
- The assertion that epithelial tissues are covering or protective tissues is true. Epithelial tissues form the outer layer of the body and protect underlying tissues and organs.
- The reason given, that materials are exchanged at the surface across the epithelial tissues, is also true. Epithelial tissues are involved in the exchange of substances between different body compartments.
- However, the reason does not directly explain why epithelial tissues are considered covering or protective tissues. While the exchange of materials is one of their functions, it is not the sole basis for classifying them as covering or protective tissues.
- The primary function of epithelial tissues is protection, and the exchange of materials is just one of the many functions they perform.
In conclusion, both the assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
Direction: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) i...
Epithelial tissues are covering or protective tissues that line the surfaces of organs, blood vessels, and body cavities. They provide a barrier between the internal and external environment and protect the underlying tissues from mechanical injury, pathogens, and dehydration.
Materials are indeed exchanged at the surface across the epithelial tissues. This is because epithelial tissues have specialized structures called cell junctions that allow for the movement of molecules and ions between cells. These cell junctions include tight junctions, adherens junctions, desmosomes, and gap junctions.
Tight junctions form a seal between adjacent cells, preventing the leakage of molecules between them. Adherens junctions provide mechanical stability to the tissues and allow for the exchange of small molecules. Desmosomes function in tissue adhesion and allow for the exchange of ions and small molecules. Gap junctions are channels that allow for the direct exchange of ions and small molecules between neighboring cells.
Epithelial tissues also have specialized structures called microvilli and cilia that further enhance their functions. Microvilli increase the surface area of the cells, which is important for absorption and secretion processes. Cilia are hair-like structures that extend from the surface of some epithelial cells and help in the movement of mucus, fluids, and particles along the epithelial surface.
Therefore, both the assertion (A) and the reason (R) are true. Epithelial tissues do serve as covering or protective tissues, and materials are exchanged at the surface across these tissues. However, the reason given does not fully explain why epithelial tissues are considered covering or protective tissues. The exchange of materials is just one aspect of their function. Hence, option B is the correct answer.
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