Important Questions for Class 9 Fundamental Unit of Life Chapter

Introduction
The Fundamental Unit of Life is the cell, which is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms. This chapter covers the structure and functions of various cell organelles.

1. What is a cell?
A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms. It is enclosed by a plasma membrane and contains various organelles that perform specific functions.

2. What are the types of cells?
There are two types of cells - prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells are simple in structure and do not have a well-defined nucleus. Eukaryotic cells are complex and have a well-defined nucleus and other organelles.

3. What is the structure of a cell membrane?
The cell membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates. It is selectively permeable and regulates the entry and exit of substances in and out of the cell.

4. What are the functions of the cell membrane?
The cell membrane performs various functions such as protection, transportation, and communication. It also helps in maintaining the shape and structure of the cell.

5. What is the structure of the nucleus?
The nucleus is a spherical organelle that contains genetic material in the form of DNA. It is surrounded by a double-layered nuclear membrane and contains nucleolus, chromatin, and nuclear pores.

6. What are the functions of the nucleus?
The nucleus controls the activities of the cell and is responsible for the transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next.

7. What are the types of endoplasmic reticulum?
There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum - rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). RER is studded with ribosomes and is involved in protein synthesis, while SER is responsible for lipid synthesis and detoxification.

8. What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
The Golgi apparatus is involved in the processing, packaging, and transport of proteins and lipids to their final destinations.

9. What is the function of lysosomes?
Lysosomes are involved in the breakdown of waste materials and cellular debris. They contain digestive enzymes and can break down foreign substances that enter the cell.

Conclusion
The Fundamental Unit of Life chapter is important as it covers the basic structure and functions of cells, which are the building blocks of all living organisms. Understanding the various cell organelles and their functions can help in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases.

Q. 1
Ans: The structural and functional unit of life living beings is called a cell.