Productivity being low, cottage industry produced a lot because:

a) It employs a large number of people:
One of the main reasons why cottage industry produced a lot despite low productivity is because it employs a large number of people. Cottage industries are often small-scale, decentralized manufacturing units that operate within homes or in small workshops. These industries typically involve manual labor and utilize traditional techniques and tools. Due to their small-scale nature, cottage industries can provide employment opportunities to a significant number of individuals within a community or region.

- Cottage industries are labor-intensive and require skilled artisans to carry out various manufacturing processes. These industries rely on the expertise of craftsmen who possess specialized skills and knowledge in their respective fields.
- By employing a large number of people, cottage industries can increase their overall production capacity. Each individual worker contributes to the production process, which collectively leads to a substantial output.
- Moreover, cottage industries often involve division of labor, where different individuals specialize in specific tasks. This division of labor enhances efficiency and enables the industry to produce more goods within a given timeframe.

In addition to the employment aspect, other factors also contribute to the productivity of cottage industries:

b) No power is needed to manufacture most of the products:
Cottage industries typically produce goods that do not require extensive machinery or power-driven equipment. Instead, they rely on manual labor and traditional tools to carry out the manufacturing process. This eliminates the need for electricity or other power sources, which can be expensive and may not be readily available in rural areas where cottage industries are commonly found.

c) Raw material is generally available locally:
Another advantage of cottage industries is that they often utilize raw materials that are locally available. This reduces transportation costs and ensures a steady supply of materials for production. Additionally, using local resources can contribute to the growth and development of the local economy.

d) It caters mostly to the rural population:
Cottage industries primarily cater to the rural population, which has its own set of advantages. Rural areas often have a surplus of skilled artisans and craftsmen who possess traditional knowledge and expertise. By engaging these individuals in cottage industries, productivity can be enhanced as they can contribute their specialized skills.

In conclusion, despite low productivity, cottage industries are able to produce a lot due to their ability to employ a large number of people, the absence of power requirements, availability of local raw materials, and catering to the rural population. These factors collectively contribute to the success and productivity of cottage industries.